【作者】 杨勇；

【导师】 阚建全； 陈宗道； 赵国华；

【作者基本信息】 西南农业大学 ， 食品科学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文是以蜂蛹为实验材料,通过法定的“保健食品功能评价程序”（动物实验）系统深入地研究了蜂蛹的抗疲劳和抗缺氧保健功能及其剂量效应关系。并在此基础上,采用不同极性的溶剂对蜂蛹的冻干粉进行浸泡提取,获得蜂蛹的不同提取物后,进一步对不同提取物的抗疲劳和抗缺氧保健功能进行比较,以弄清蜂蛹的抗疲劳和抗缺氧功能效应物的分布情况。最后以最大抗疲劳效应提取物为受试物进行抗疲劳和抗缺氧保健功能动物生理生化实验,试图从生理生化的角度阐释蜂蛹及其主要效应提取物的抗疲劳作用机理,结果如下: 1.在蜂蛹的剂量有效性实验中,以昆明种小鼠为受试动物,设立5个蜂蛹剂量组和一个空白对照组,以灌胃的方式给药,试验周期45d。实验期间分别在给药后第7天,14天,21天测定了实验小鼠的日饲料消耗率,第9天,18天,27天测定了实验小鼠的体重变化。实验后期所有动物进行游泳试验和爬杆实验,观察蜂蛹摄入对实验小鼠抗疲劳能力的影响。运动实验结束后,所有小鼠继续灌胃蜂蛹5d后进入常压耐缺氧实验,观察蜂蛹摄入对实验小鼠常压耐缺氧能力的影响。常压耐缺氧实验结束后,继续灌胃蜂蛹5d后进行急性脑缺血实验,观察蜂蛹摄入对小鼠缺氧存活时间的影响。急性脑缺血实验后的小鼠立即解剖分离出小鼠心脏,肝脏,肾脏,脾脏,计算脏器指数。 结果表明:蜂蛹能提高小鼠的体重和日饲料消耗率,并且随剂量增加而有所增加,但所有剂量组与空白对照组比较无显著差异（P>0.05）;在运动耐力试验中,与空白对照组比较,每天灌胃蜂蛹7g/（kgbw.d）和10g/（kgbw.d）能显著的提高小鼠游泳时间、爬杆时间和常压耐缺氧能力（P<0.05,P<0.01）,但对实验小鼠的急性脑缺血性缺氧死亡时间没有影响（P>0.05）。同时发现在较高剂量时,蜂蛹的剂量对小鼠的游泳时间、爬杆时间和常压耐缺氧能力呈正相关关系,各组小鼠的脏器指数与对照组比较无显著差异（P>0.05）。 2.依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、无水乙醇和蒸馏水浸提蜂蛹的冻干粉后得到蜂蛹的Ea（石油醚提取物）,Ee（乙酸乙酯提取物）,Eet（无水乙醇提取物）,Ew（水提物）和Dr（残渣）。将以上五种物提取物作为受试物,设立一个空白对照组,蜂蛹为阳性对照进行动物实验,比较不同提取物的抗疲劳抗缺氧功能。以小鼠负重游泳时间、爬杆时间、常压耐缺氧能力和NaNO₂中毒存活时间作为测定指标。 结果表明:Ee能显著提高小鼠的游泳时间、爬杆时间、常压耐缺氧能力和NaNO₂中毒存活时间（P<0.05,P<0.01）,其它提取物实验组的各项指标与对照组比较,测定指标差异不显著。 3.以Ee为受试物,设立三个剂量组,一个空白对照组,昆明种小鼠为实验动物进行生理生化实验。指标检测包括血清乳酸,血清尿素氮,肝糖原和血清丙二醛含量,血清乳酸脱更多还原

【Abstract】 The anti-fatigue and the anti-hypoxia function of honeybee pupae were studied in this text. Firstly proceeded to its measures-effect experiment, and on the basis of this experiment, adopted the different polarity melting agent to extract the powder of honeybee pupae and obtain different extraction. Further the animal experiment, compared the effect of different extraction on anti-fatigue and anti-hypoxia function, aim to know the distribution of components developing anti-fatigue and anti-hypoxia effect. Finally with the extraction developing biggest effect as experiment stuff, proceeded to the animal physiology and biochemistry experiment, trying to explain the anti-fatigue mechanism of honeybee pupae or its extraction from the angles of physiology and biochemistry.1. In the measure-effect experiment, with Kunming grows small rat as experiment object, designed 5 dose measures and 1 normal control, gave the honeybee pupae to experiment rats and kept on experiment a month of period above. In the period of experiment observed the feed consuming rate of experiment rats on the 7th, 14th, 21th day and body weight changes on the 9th, 18th, 27th day after giving honeybee pupae. After 30 day’s treat with honeybee pupae, all animal proceeded to the swimming experiments and climbing pole experiment, observed the influence of honeybee pupae on anti-fatigue ability. After the Sport experiment, kept on giving honeybee to rat for 5 day as before, and then proceeded to normal-press anti-hypoxia experiments, observed the influence of honeybee pupae on anti-hypoxia ability. After, continued giving the honeybee pupae to experiment rats for 5 day and then proceeded to acute cerebral ischemia experiment, observed the survival time of rats. While proceeded to the acute cerebral ischemia experiment, immediately separated out the rat heart, liver, kidney and spleen and computed their organ index number.Result indicates: The honeybee pupae can increase the feed consuming rate and body weight of the rat. compared with normal control group , the effect showed no difference, and dose groups of 7g/(kgbw.d) and 10g/(kgbw.d) have significant difference on swimming time and climbing pole time(.P<0.05, P<0.01) in exercise endurance experiment and on normal-press anti-hypoxia time (P<0.05, P<0.01), which showed out their dependence on dose of honeybee pupae, but have no influence on acute cerebral ischemia hypoxia death time and the organ index number of the rat in experiment(P >0.05).2.Used the petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, ether and water in turns to extract honeybee pupae powder and obtained Ea( the extraction from petroleum ether), Ee( the extraction from ethyl acetate), Eet(the extraction from ether), Ew(the extraction from water) and Dr(drain). Regarded above five更多还原