【作者】 刘志斋；

【导师】 蔡一林；

【作者基本信息】 西南农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究从经EMS诱变并已多代自交的玉米诱变群体中选取6个材料(包括1个对照),系统测定了各个材料的粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量以及可溶性糖含量和Lys含量,还测定了POD与SOD这2个酶的活性;基于Lys含量的差异,还选取了2对SSR引物对材料进行了分子标记分析;最后,以3个广泛应用的测验种分析了5个突变体与CK的配合力差异。研究持续时间从2002年5月到2005年4月,室内部分主要在西南农业大学农学与生命科学学院作物品质改良重点实验室完成,配合力分析部分的数据收集则主要在海南省三亚市完成。主要研究结果如下: 1.品质分析的结果表明,5个突变体在4个品质性状上与CK具有明显的差异,并且。突变体之间也存在极为显著的差异。此外,从Lys含量的分析结果来看,5个突变体中,有一个高Lys含量突变体和一个低Lys含量突变体,并且,对6个材料的SSR检测也发现。低Lys含量突变体(材料3)与CK在phi112引物的扩增产物上表现出了明显的带型变异。 2.过氧化物酶(POD)与超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性分析结果表明,EMS-石蜡油处理引起了玉米自交系体内生理性状的显著变化。并且,POD与SOD活性变化的不一致性还表明,POD与SOD对化学诱变剂的敏感程度存在一定的差异;从分析结果看,SOD比POD对化学诱变剂更为敏感。 3.与CK(材料1)的一般配合力(GCA)比,5个突变体在4个植株性状、7个穗粒性状以及粗脂肪含量和粗淀粉含量等性状上,不论是GCA的性质(效应的正负),还是程度(GCA值的大小)都表现出了显著的差异。 4.对18个组合的特殊配合力分析结果表明,材料1(CK)、2、4、6在株高、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数以及单株产量这5个性状特殊配合力上的表现是相似的。所不同的只是在程度上有一定的不同。而材料3和5在株高、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、轴粗和单株产量这6个性状的特殊配合力上的表现是相似的,只是存在程度上的差异。6个材料在3个品质性状特殊配合力上的变化则比较复杂。 5.从配合力分析来看,材料3和5在一般配合力以及它们与3个测验种的特殊配合力上更多还原

【Abstract】 6 materials (including 5 mutants and 1 CK) were chosen from the mutant population, induced by EMS, to determine the content of crude protein, fat, soluble sugar and lysine. as well as the activity of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) . Based on the difference of lysine content, two SSR primers were selected to screen the differentiations among the 6 materials. At last, compared to the CK. the combining ability of 5 mutants was analyzed through three test lines. The whole research continued from May, 2002 to April, 2005, and the experiments were finished in the Key Laboratory of Crops Quality Improvement, in the College of Agronomy and Life Science, SWAU, while the data used in analysis of combining ability were collected in Sanya, Hainan province. The main results are as follows:1. Comparing to the CK, significant difference existed in 4 quality items of these 5 mutants, and the difference among mutants is highly significant. There is a high lysine content mutant (NO.6) and a low lysine content mutant (NO.3) . Furthermore, the molecular marker test of SSR shows the differentiation of NO. 3 compared to the CK and other mutants.2. EMS treating also causes the physiology change of the maize inbred lines. The results show that SOD is more sensitive to the EMS treating than POD.3. Compared to the CK, both on the character (negative or positive) and degree (the value of general combining ability, GCA), 5 mutants shows significant difference on the GCA of 4 plant traits, 7 ear and kernel traits and the content of fat and crude starch.4. The analysis of special combining ability (SCA) of 9 traits on 18 hybrids shows that materials of NO.1, NO.2, NO.4, NO.6 have the same changing tendency on 5 traits of plant height, ear perimeter, ear rows number, row kernels number and single plant yield, they only differ in the value更多还原