【作者】 廖学群；

【导师】 隗溟；

【作者基本信息】 西南农业大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 在精度要求较高的水稻异交结实栽培中,只以“三性”(感光性、感温性和基本营养生长性)或“二性一期”作为理论指导有很大局限性,在花期预测中常出现偏差。水稻的自身的营养状况和栽培措施对杂交水稻亲本的发育转变产生不同程度的影响,促进或延迟亲本的抽穗期。试验1以4个不同的品种或品系,各分两种不同的播种密度、同期播种,分批移栽,研究秧田秧苗带蘖数差异和移栽秧龄对水稻播抽期的影响;试验2以汕优63作为材料,人为的保留或去掉主茎上不同节位的一次分蘖,以形成不同分蘖态势,研究本田不同分蘖态势对水稻播抽期的影响,试图为杂交水稻制种,准确预测花期及调节花期提供新的理论依据,同时为高精度的水稻发育期动态模拟积累数据。另外,本文对不同分蘖态势与生物产量、有效穗数以及颖花量的关系作了简要的论述。试验的结果如下: 1.相同的播期,不同的叶龄移栽,水稻的播抽期产生一定程度的变化 不同叶龄移栽,水稻的播抽期(播种至抽穗的时间)可分为播抽期稳定期、播抽期延长期和播抽期缩短期。叶龄在5～7叶时移栽,水稻主茎总叶数较少,播抽期较为稳定,只有1～2d左右变动,为播抽期稳定期;秧苗在7～9叶时移栽,水稻主茎总叶数增加,播抽期延长3～7d,为播抽期延长期(和播抽期稳定期相比);当叶龄余数小于6～7叶时,水稻的播抽期明显缩短,而且抽穗历期延长,最长的达27d,为播抽期缩短期(和播抽期延长期相比)。 2.移栽时秧苗带分蘖数的差异对水稻的播抽期有影响 播种密度和苗期施肥不同,秧田期形成带蘖数不同的秧苗。移栽后,秧苗带蘖数多(多蘖秧),水稻的发育进程加快,抽穗期提早,播抽期较短;秧苗带蘖数少(少蘖或无蘖秧),水稻生长缓慢,抽穗期延长,播抽期长。秧苗带蘖数差异对播抽期的影响较之叶龄对播抽期的影响要小一些。 3.秧苗分蘖态势差异对水稻的播抽期的影响更多还原

【Abstract】 It is a very big limitation by "light sensitivity, temperature sensitivity and the basic vegetative phase" as the only theory instruction in hybrid rice seed production. Seedling growing status, nutritional conditions and the cultivation measure have the varying degree influence on the development transformation of hybrid rice parents, promoting or postponing the heading date of the parents.The experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of leaf-age, nutrition condition of the seedlings and the status of the tillers on the heading date of rice. The effects of nutrition condition and age of the seedlings were carried out with four varieties or strains which divided into sowing different densities , sowed the same day and transplanted in turn in field in experiment 1. And the status of tillers of the seedlings on the heading date of rice with Shanyou 63 as material were conducted in the pots in experiments 2 and 3. Moreover, the relation between tillers status of seedlings and the biological output, the effective panicles as well as the number of spikelets were discussed briefly in this paper. The main results are as follows:1. Effect of leaf-age of transplant on the heading dateThe heading date of rice was different of as sowed the same day but transplanted different leaf-age. When transplanted at the leaf-age among 5~7L, the heading date of rice was steady, the discrepancy only 1~2 days. The leaves number of the main stem were few and the days from sowing to heading (DSH) was short. The leaves number of the main stem increased, and the DSH postponed 3~7d when the leaf-age was 7~9L at the transplant. The leaves numbers of main stem decreased and DSH became shorter remarkable as the transplant day delayed as the complement of leaves number was fewer than 6~7 L, and flower date became longer (the extreme date reached 27d).2. Effect of the seedling with different numbers of tillers on heading dateThe tillers numbers of seedlings were different markedly when sowing densities was different. The tillers number of the seedlings in thin sowing were more than that of dense sowing. It can be reflected the更多还原