【作者】 刘兰侠；

【导师】 徐承天；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 物理化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 天然多糖甲壳素及其脱乙酰基的产物壳聚糖,由于来源广泛、生物相容性好、可降解等特点,被广泛用于生命科学、医学和环境工程中。近二十多年来,众多科学家十分重视对壳聚糖及其衍生物的应用研究。因具有优良的吸附性能及对环境友好,壳聚糖及其衍生物作为吸附剂用于水处理等行业,有明显的优点。我国甲壳素、壳聚糖的资源丰富,深入开展甲壳素、壳聚糖及其衍生物的研究,对自然资源的综合利用,促进国民经济的发展,具有十分重要的意义。总结文献工作,发现对壳聚糖及其衍生物作为吸附剂的研究中,尚有许多问题有待解决。为提高壳聚糖的利用率、改善壳聚糖及其衍生物的吸附性能,本论文开展膨润土基壳聚糖树脂的制备及吸附性能的研究,关于膨润土基壳聚糖树脂用作金属离子吸附剂至今尚无报道。主要研究内容包括以下三个部分。 1.将壳聚糖负载于经活化处理的膨润土上,制备得到膨润土基壳聚糖树脂。筛选得制备该树脂的优化条件。红外光谱分析结果表明,活化的膨润土对带正电的壳聚糖产生键合完成表面改性。扫描电镜的结果显示,壳聚糖能较均匀负载于膨润土表面。N₂法BET测定其比表面积为15.2m²·g^-1与用亚甲基蓝染料法测定的比表面积15.02m²·g^-1相差不大。吸附性能测试结果表明,该树脂对Ni²⁺、pb²⁺在溶液pH分别为6.5、6.0时的吸附效果最好,其饱和吸附量分别为1.87、1.99 mmol·g^-1,吸附行为符合Langmuir与Freundlich吸附等温式,多次再生吸附容量基本不变。 2.为增加壳聚糖树脂的微孔,提高其比表面,尝试用不同浓度的无水乙醇浓度作致孔剂,合成了膨润土基微孔壳聚糖树脂。吸附性能测试结果表明,当加入无水乙醇浓度为10%时制备所得的树脂的吸附效果最好,膨润土基微孔壳聚糖树脂对Cr⁶⁺的吸附容量比膨润土基壳聚糖树脂有较大提高,对Cr⁶⁺的饱和吸附容量为214.16mg·g^-1,且随盐度的增大吸附量降低;N₂法BET测定其更多还原

【Abstract】 Chitin and chitosan are renewable and abundant natural macromolecule compounds, which are nontoxic,biocompatible and biodegradarable,and have antiseptic,bactericidal functions.These biopolymer are easily modified and can be used as macromolecular sorbent.Chitosan is a liner polyamine whose amino groups are readily available for chemical reaction and salt formation with acids and is significant for the research of wastewater sorbent based on chitosan its derivatives . It has become a kind of promising natural macromolecule sorbent which has been applied broadly on wastewater treatment. This work is studied the preparation of chitosan-loaded on bentonite resins and their adsorption properties.It is unreported that the sorbent of chitosan loade on bentonite can be used in waste water treatment ,so that it is necessary to have exploring research in this field. In this paper, three parts of work were included:1. A novel sorbent material based on chitosan loaded on bentonite (shortening: Bent-CTS) was synthesized. The appearance and structure of Bent-CTS were characterized by SEM and IR. IR spectra show that the adsorption of bentonite for chitosan attributes to obvious chemical process. SEM indicates chitosan is loaded on bentonite equably. The special surface area of Bent-CTS is 15.2m~2.g~-1. The experimental data for adsorption reveal Bent-CTS has the best adsorption capacity for Ni~2+,Pb~2+ at pH6.5, pH6.0 and the saturation capacities are 1.87、 1.99 mmol.g~-1 respectively. At the same time, the equilibrium isotherms for adsorption are well correlated to the Langmuir equation and the Freundlich equation; the saturation capacity of Bent-CTS has also no obvious change after regeneration times, so that Bent-CTS is hopeful in waste water treatment.2. The adsorption of sorbrnt adding porogenic agents in the course of sythesis and the effect of the adsorption on zeta potential have been studied. The results of experiments showed that the optimun conditions of adsorption by sorbent were: ethanol in sorbent was 10% and has good sorption properties to Cr~6+,the saturation capacity for Cr~6+ of sorbent has also greater than that of Bent-CTS and uptakes reached 214mg/g, and the adsorption capacities reduced with the rising of the temperature and salinity. With the concentration of metals increasing, the value of zeta potential of sorbent decrease.3. Chitosan reacts with vanillin aldehyde by Schiffs base reaction in water, a polymer product V-B-CTS can be prepared. The molecular structure is as deemed base on the analysis result by infrared spectrum. The results of experiments showed that the modified sorbent has higher adsorption capacities and enhancing the resistance of sorbent against acid than unmodified one and has good kinetic properties-uneasily running off and being regenerated easily.更多还原