【作者】 杨姣；

【导师】 宗俊；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 分析化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国家工业化的发展,钢铁的防腐问题,在整个国民经济中具有重要的经济意义。世界上每年因腐蚀报废的金属制品重量约为金属年产量的三分之一。因此,为了节约钢材并保证生产的正常进行,必须相应地解决生产中的防腐问题。而热浸锌或锌合金是当今世界上应用最广泛、性能价格比最优的钢材表面处理方法。我们就解决大量船只常年在水中腐蚀所带来的这一防腐实际问题,在前人工作的基础上,做了以下几个方面的工作:一、探讨了中间合金的炼制方法及其影响因素。结合Zn-Al、Zn-Ni、Zn-RE金属间的相图,从节能和提高产率等方面入手研究了炼制各中间合金所需的最佳温度、时间及操作工艺,其结果令人满意。二、热浸锌镀层厚度是检验热镀锌产品的一个基本且重要的指标,文中首先探明了热浸锌镀层厚度与时间、温度的影响;然后利用金属协同效应,配制一系列Zn-Al-Ni、Zn-Al-RE、Zn-Al-Ni-RE多元合金镀层,通过对各镀层表面光泽度、粗糙度、镀层厚度、镀层粘附力及镀层的耐腐蚀性的详细探讨及比较,得到了一个较理想的适合解决工业防腐的金属配方。三、本文中借助分光光度法这一简单且经济的仪器,分别为锌浴中加入的Ni、RE元素找到了在高浓度锌离子中准确、快速检测锌浴中添加的各合金元素含量的方法。用o-CDAA法,在pH=10的硼酸缓冲溶液中与邻羧基苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯(简称o-CDAA)形成砖红色络合物,加表面活性剂(Triton x-100) ,表观摩尔吸光系数ε可达到1. 24×105Lmol-1cm-1,线性范围为0-6μg/25ml,在5μg/25ml时RSD为1. 0%,加标回收率为99. 2%-103. 3%,方法的相对标准偏差小于0. 885%;分别用DBK-5FA法、DBM-FasA法、DBF-FasA法和TC-FasA法对锌浴中的稀土含量进行了检测,通过对比,除TC-FasA法稍逊一筹外,其余更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing demand of the steel, the corrision problem is of importance all over the world. In the world the eroded mental products accounts of one third of the gross mentel products every year. So, it is a serious project to resolve the corrosion problems. Dealing with the steel’s surface by hot-dipping zinc or hot-dipping zinc alloy is most widely used. Herein we report our progress in this important field based on previous works as follows:1. investigated the manufacture of intermediate alloy and the effecting factors. According to the phase change of Zn-Al , Zn-Ni , Zn-RE alloy .We studied the optical melting temperature, time and operation process considering of decreasing energy and increasing yield and obtained satisfactory results.2. The thickness of the hot-galvanized film is a important indication. First studied the relations between the melting time, melting temperature and the thickness of the hot-galvanized film, then according to the metal cooperating effect a series of Zn-Al-Ni, Zn-Al-RE, Zn-Al-Ni-RE hot-galvanized alloy film was produced, Comprehensively considering vanish, the roughness, the thickness, the adhesion and the anticorrosion of the hot-galvanized film, a satisfactory hot-galvanized alloy film suitable of industry application.3. A simple economical and rapid spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace Al, Ni, RE in alloy has been developed. Utilizing o-CDAA instead of classical DMG determines Ni(~0.01% Ni)in he hot-galvanized alloy film. In the borax buffer solution(pH=10) nickel with a new chromogenic reagent o-CDAA forms brick red stable complex which shows maximum absorption at 542nm with a molar absorption 1.40 × 10~5.Beer’s law is obeyed in the range of 0-6μg/25ml for nickel with a repeatability(RSD) of 1.0% at a concentration of 5μg/25ml .This proposed method is very sensitive , simple and rapid. On the other hand, the spectrophotometric methods of DBK-5FA, DBM-FasA, DBF-FasA, TC-FasA are used separatively to determinetrace RE in the hot-galvanized alloy film Except the method by of TC-FasA, all of the others are good for determining RE with high slectivity(The permitted amount of Zn i ions>10000times), high sentivity( e =1.20X 105 Lmor’crrf’without surfactant), wide range to obey Beer’s law and high stability.更多还原