【作者】 张鹏；

【导师】 王金玉；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以京海Ⅰ号黄鸡为实验素材,利用DNA指纹和SCAR技术对样本进行研究。DNA指纹技术中,以EAV（禽内源性反转录病毒片段）为探针,以EcoRI为限制性内切酶,进行DNA指纹检测,探讨DNA指纹图谱中长度为3.48 kb的条带J对鸡群4周龄、6周龄、8周龄、12周龄、18周龄和43周龄体重的影响。SCAR标记技术中,根据OPAY02随机引物扩增的1660（S₁）和2326（S₂）条带的序列,设计两对特异性引物,分别对京海Ⅰ号黄鸡基因组DNA进行扩增,然后结合J带与两个SCAR标记,利用广义线性模型,进行综合性分析。结果表明:DNA指纹J带同样在京海Ⅰ号黄鸡中存在,且对京海Ⅰ号黄鸡8周龄、12周龄、18周龄和43周龄体重有显著的减效效应。和前人不同群体研究的结果比较发现J带的出现频率具有群体特异性,生长速度快的群体其频率低,生长速度慢的群体频率高,一定程度上证明了对J带选择是有效的。在SCAR标记分析中,S₁标记和S₂标记分别对京海Ⅰ号黄鸡12周龄、18周龄和43周龄体重有显著影响,其中,S₁标记表现为减效效应,而S₂标记表现为增效效应。在两个SCAR标记组合中,得到S₁^-S₂⁺组合的效应最大,显著的高于其它3个组合。在JS₁组合中,J^-S₁^-组合的效应最大。在JS₂组合中,J^-S₂⁺组合的效应最大。在三个标记的组合中,J^-S₁^-S₂⁺组合的效应最大。更多还原

【Abstract】 DNA fingerprinting and SCAR procedures were carried out with Jinghai I chicken used as experimental stock.The endogenous avian virus（EAV） was used as the probe and EcoR I served as the restrictive enzyme.General Linear model （GLM） was used for the analyses of the relations between the markers and body weight. The random primer OPAY02 was used in order to recover targeted fragments 1660 and 2326, respectively. Two pair of primers were designed through the sequence of the two fragments. The designed primers were then used for SCAR-PCR with Jinghai I chicken DNA samples serving as the template.The results are as follows:The analyses of Band J demonstrated that it exists in genome of Jinghai I chickens and band J had significant influence on 8,12,18 and 43-week weights, respectively. The weight of the chickens without band J were higher than those with band J.The analyses of SCAR markers showed that S₁ and S₂-marker have significant effect on 12,18 and 43-week weights,but the effects are reverse to each other.In the analyses of compositive effects, S₁^- S₂⁺, J^-S₁^- ,J^-S₂⁺ and J^-S₁^-S₂⁺ have significant effects on 12,18 and 43-week weights.The weights of the chickens with these 4 markers were higher than those without the markers.In the analyses of interactive effects, Band J and two SCAR markers were found with no interaction between two factors.This investigation revealed that Band J, S₁,S₂, S₁^-S₂⁺, J₁S^1-, J^-S₂⁺ and J^-S₁^-S₂⁺ can be used in marker assistant selection （MAS） with Jinghai I chickens,to minimize cost, speed selection progress and stock-breeding.更多还原