【作者】 陈波；

【导师】 陆建飞；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2005， 硕士

【副题名】基于江苏兴化、高邮、东海三县（市）的实证分析

【摘要】 农户是水稻生产与经营主体,研究农产采用水稻生产新技术和参与稻米产业化经营行为,对政府制订水稻产业发展政策具有重要意义。本研究通过对江苏省兴化市钓鱼镇、高邮市周巷镇和东海县平明镇290个农户采用水稻新技术行为和参与稻米产业化经营行为的实证研究,得出以下结论: (1) 户主年龄与技术采用率成负相关,户主的受教育年限与技术采用率呈正相关关系;家庭水稻种植面积越大农户对新技术的采用可能性就越大,家庭人口对农产采用新技术的影响不显著;随着家庭收入的由低到高,采用率与收入关系呈“∩”型线性关系,即较低收入的农户和较高收入的农户的技术采用率均较低,而中等收入的农户的技术采用率较高;新技术本身效益高低成为影响农户是否采用新技术的最主要因素,技术采用率与风险呈负相关关系;“意见领袖”在水稻生产新技术的传播中发挥积极作用,而农户之间良好的沟通渠道也有助于新技术的采用。 (2) 稻米市场行情的普遍转好,即供不应求的卖方市场的出现,不利于农户采用质量型新技术。解决这个问题需要政府和稻米产业化龙头企业的介入。 (3) 农户目标、家庭特征、风险因素是影响农户参与稻米产业化的主要因素,政府的推动作用、稻米市场发育情况、龙头企业强弱以及中介组织的有无都会影响到农户参与稻米产业化的积极性。 (4) 产业化经营中交易规则的缺乏和社会诚信的缺失增加了履约的风险,农户面临的客观环境的基本特征是“资源稀缺性”,有必要在在企业与农产之间加个中介作为第三方来平衡二者的关系,农民协会是最合理的第三方选择。 (5) 稻米产业化经营对水稻新技术推广能产生积极的促进作用,龙头企业能在一定程度上弥补现有基层政府农技推广体系功能的缺失,在建立多元化农技服务体系过程中发挥重要作用。 在以上结论基础上,本文对优化农户水稻生产和经营行为,更好地促进稻米产业化经营的发展提出了相应的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Peasant households are the main body of rice production and management, therefore study of behaviors of peasant households adopting new rice production technologies and participating in rice integration is of great importance for government to establish sound rice developing policy. 290 peasant households in Diaoyu Town of Xinhua County, Zhouxiang Town of Gaoyou County and Pingming Town of Donghai County were investigated to study peasant households’ behaviors of adopting new rice production technologies and participating in rice integration. The main results are as follows:(l)The peasant households’ age is negatively correlated with technology adopting rate, while peasant households’ education level is positively correlated with technology adopting rate. The larger the householders’ rice planting area is, the higher households’ technology adopting rate may be. The number of family members has no evident relation to technology adopting rate. The adopting rate has "∩ "linear correlation with income of households which ranges from low to high, i.e. technology adopting rate of low-income and high-income households are both relatively lower, compared with that of intermediate income households. The benefit from new technology practicing is strongly positively correlated to households’ new technology adopting rate, while risk from new technology adopting is negatively correlated with households’ rate. Opinion leader behaviors and inter-peasant communication play active role in peasant households’ technology adoption.(2) The emergence of seller’s market makes it difficult for peasant households to adopt rice quality-improving technologies, so efforts by government and rice leading enterprises are both necessary to encourage peasant households’ to adopt this kind of technologies.(3)The objectives of peasant households, family characteristics and risk factors are the main factors affecting peasant households participating in rice integration. The propelling of the government, the development of rice market, the vigor of the rice leading enterprises, and existence of an intermediary organization all affect activity of peasant households’ participating in rice integration.(4)Lack of transaction rules and social credit in integration increases risk of contract performance. Peasant households are usually confronted with scarcity ofresources, so it is necessary to add an intermediary organization as the third part between the leading enterprise and peasant households to coordinate them, and the peasants association is considered to be the best choice.(5)The management of rice integration has positive effect on the extension of new rice technologies, the leading enterprises can make up the function deficiency caused by low efficiency of current agricultural science and technology extension system to some degree, and play important role in establishing multiplex technology extension system.Based on the above analyses, suggestions helpful to optimizing of peasant households’ rice production and management behaviors and development of rice integration are put forward.更多还原