【作者】 何为军；

【导师】 秦玉川； 宋敦伦；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农业昆虫与害虫防治， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文首次在城市供水系统研究了花翅摇蚊的室内饲养,并且从物理防治、化学防治、生物防治不同角度研究了花翅摇蚊的防治措施。并针对深圳地区摇蚊种类的多样性和形态相似性,利用分子生物学方法对摇蚊种类进行了初步分类。主要实验结果如下: 1.花翅摇蚊的最佳饲养条件为饲养空间不小于3M~3,虫口密度不大于3000头/M~3,流水饲养,流速为100ml/分钟;温度控制在27℃,相对湿度控制在85%以上,光照时间为16小时;人工投加饲料。 2.通过三种灯光对摇蚊的驱蚊效果进行比较,得出光强超过300lux、光源选择400W橘黄色探照灯较为合适,布设间距5—8m。该光源较其它光源光束集中,穿透力强,试验结果也最好。 3.在使用二氧化氯、过氧化氢、液氯、臭氧几种化学试剂防治摇蚊的试验中,现场发现二氧化氯的投加量低,效果良好,且二氧化氯是一种新型的高效消毒剂,不形成三氯甲烷等致癌性消毒副产物,应用前景广阔。 4.在供水系统中首次引入生物制剂来防治红虫,建立了利用bti粉剂防治红虫的标准化方法。 5.尝试了对摇蚊分子分类的研究,通过对4个不同种类摇蚊的DNA提取、PCR扩增和酶切分析,总结出摇蚊分子分类的条件和方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The biological and ecological characteristics of Chironomus kiiensis Tokunaga, an important insect pest in municipal water supply system were studied. Besides these a classification based onthemorphological and molecular biological characters of Chironomus species were carried on in Shenzhen,south of China. All of these studies have laid a basic foundation for the IPM of Chironomus Kiiensis. The main results are as follows:1. The optimum rearing room of Chironomus should be no less than 3M3, the population density should be no more than 3000 heads/ M3, the velocity of the running water should be 100ml/min; the temperature should be 27 ℃, the relative humidity should be over to 85%,the illumination time was 16h.and the artifical diets should be used .2. The repelling effects Chironomus were compared by three kinds of lamplights. The results showed that the illumination intensity should be more than 3001ux, the optimum choice of illuminator was 400W orange searchlight, the distance was 5-8 m. These illuminators were well concentrated and penetrable.3. Several chemical reagents such as chlorine dioxide,hydrogen peroxide, chlorine,and ozone were used in the experiment. The best chemical among them was chlorine dioxide. The results showed that the dosage of ch’lorine dioxide was low with good effects,and chlorine dioxide was a new disinfector,without the carcinogenic substances such as thrichloromethane. 4. The insect was controlled by biological reagents in municipal water supply system for the first time. The standard method of using bti was established.5. Chironomus was given a classification by molecular classification. The total DNA was extracted from four different species of Chironomus and used as template to amplify the 18s rRNA ITS1 by PCR and then the 18s rRNA was analyszed by enzyme. The method and condition of molecular classification of Chironomus was summzrized.更多还原