【作者】 黄继永；

【导师】 唐宗军；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 为满足用户对加工精度和效率越来越高的要求,很多数控机床生产厂家及用户都希望在其机床上配备各种加工精度监测设备,在机床上使用测量装置进行自动测量,直接对刀具位置进行测量,并根据测量结果自动修正刀具的偏置量,使同样的机床能加工出更高精度的零件。 本文设计的就是一个能在简易数控车床上使用的自动对刀仪。该对刀仪采用机械触发式传感器,通过控制车刀运动来触发传感器,PLC把传感器得到的信号传给数控系统,再由系统来进行相应的数据处理。机械触发式传感器与PLC的输入扩展端的连接线简单,而且易于维护,比用其它的传感器降低了成本。 此外,本对刀仪并不要求对数控系统进行更改,只需要在对刀时调用事先输入的对刀程序,并运行它即可。在所有刀具对完之后,刀补值会自动存入数控系统。此外,用本对刀仪对刀过程中,只需很少的人工操作,达到了一定的自动化程度,提高了对刀的精度与效率,X轴向精度可达到0.02mm,Z向精度可达到0.025mm。 本对刀仪适用范围广,可对不同类型的车刀,四个传感器根据所对刀具的不同作了适当的角度调整,将倾斜角度设为22°,这是现有的对刀仪不能实现的功能。 采用这种新型的对刀仪,在经济型数控车床上可一次对出4把车刀的位置尺寸。在需要一次对更多把刀时,只要对对刀程序进行适当的修改即可。本对刀仪对刀迅速简捷,一般对4把刀只需几分钟,而且对刀准确,有声光信号显示,使用非常方便,消除对刀者对刀的烦恼,提高数控车床加工效率,具有较高的实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 For satisfying the more and more needs of customer in manufacturing precision and in efficiency, a lot of NC lathe factories and customers all hope to provide kinds of monitor equipments to process the precision, using the measure equipment to measure automatically, so that receive the tool positions directly, and automatically correct the tool positions according to the measure result, thus we can get the higher precision in same NC lathe.This paper aims to designing a tool auto-checking instrument that can be used for NC lathe. The tool checking instrument applies mechanism trigger that can be touched off by controlling the tools’ locomotion, after that the mechanism trigger transfers one signal to NC system by the PLC. Then data processing is carried out through the system .The conjunction is very simple between mechanism trigger and PLC. The tool auto-checking instrument is apt for maintenance and lowered the cost contrast to other sensors.Otherwise, the tool auto-checking instrument need not modify NC system, it only need working the main program .After all tools are checked, the result can be saved in the NC system. In addition, using this instrument need few artificial operations, it can realize the automatic level and increase the accuracy and efficiency of tool checking, after that, X-axis’s precision reaching to 0.02mm, Z-axis’s precision reaching to 0.025mm.The tool auto-checking instrument can be used widely in kinds of tools. Four sensors adjust the angles to 22° according to the various tools and can’t be realize using tool checking instrument in existence.Adapting this new kind of tool checking instrument, it is convenient and prompt for NC lathe to check four tool positions in few minutes. You only need little modify the program if you want to check for more tool positions. By the display of sound and ray, the tool checking not only can work accurately and expediently but also can avoid the bother of operator, increasing the level of processing efficiency and having the higher practical applying value.更多还原