【作者】 时小兵；

【导师】 曹吉林；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 化学工艺， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 膨润土经柱撑改性后,具有大的比表面积和高的表面活性,对水中污染物有很好的去除能力。本文对柱撑膨润土的制备、成型及其在水处理中的应用进行了研究。 以聚合羟基Al、Ti离子为柱化剂,以经过提纯及钠化的河北省灵寿县膨润土为基质,合成了膨润土吸附剂,用间歇法研究了柱化反应的动力学特征,以及聚合羟基金属离子浓度对柱撑量的影响。实验结果表明,柱撑过程符合抛物线扩散方程、双常数方程和Elovich方程,而一级反应的拟合性最差,并对柱撑过程的反应速率及控制步骤作了研究。实验还发现,一定范围内,聚合羟基金属离子浓度增大,会增大柱撑蒙脱石的产量。用X射线衍射（XRD）分析柱撑蒙脱石的结构,表明柱撑是成功的。 系统研究了羟基钛、铝膨润土吸附水中污染物的过程。实验数据显示:经柱撑改性后,膨润土吸附性能有较大改善;吸附剂种类、吸附剂的用量,吸附时间及吸附质起始浓度均可能影响吸附效果;同种吸附剂吸附不同吸附质的最优动力学模型不尽相同;等温吸附曲线符合Freundlich方程。此外,还对吸附机理和反应的控制步骤作了研究。 以可溶性淀粉为致孔剂、AlCl₃为粘结剂、柱撑膨润土为基质,研究了膨润土的成型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pillared bentonites are a class of novel porous materials with high surface area,large and stable pore opening and high surface activity. These materials have numerous potential applications in many industrial fields,especially their utilization in removing pollutants from water/This article studies the synthesis of pillared bentonites .assembling and their application in table-water-treatment.A series of pillared bentonite sorbent are prepared by polyhydroxy-Al cations and polyhydroxy-Ti cations as pillaring agent,and Na- bentonite as raw material,which comes from Lin shou county,Hebei province.The reactions are studied using the batch techniques,and the relationship between the pillared amount and the concentrations of polyhydroxy-Ti ions is also investigated.Two constant,parabolic diffussion and Elovich equations are the best models to describe the pillaring reaction,while the first-order is the worst.In addition,the rate and the controlling step of pillaring reaction are studied. To some extent,the yield depends on the concentrations of polyhydroxy-metal ions.Result from XRD indicates that the pillared products are obtained.Their adsorption behaviors are studied by experiments.The results show that the modified bentonite exhibits much stronger adsorption capacity on the contaminations in aqueous solutions than untreated clays.the degradation rate may be determined by many conditions,several kinetics models can describe the reactions, and the Freundlich equation can be adaptabied to the sorption of Cr(VI) species from aqueous solution.The adsorbing mechanism and the controlling step of the reactions are investigated at the same time.A modeling porous material is also developed by using modified clays as starting material, amylogen as pore generating agent,and aluminum chloride as crosslink agent.更多还原