论传统民本思想对近代中国民主进程的影响

【作者】 张逸云；

【导师】 傅玉能；

【作者基本信息】 华南师范大学 ， 马克思主义与思想政治教育， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 传统民本思想是中国古代特有的重要政治思想。它重视民在国家中的重要地位和作用,并提出一系列相应的重民措施。民本思想的实践对于体恤民情,发展社会生产,缓和阶级矛盾,稳定君主专制统治秩序起重要作用。传统民本思想发展到近代,其蕴涵丰富的“民主”因子没有促使它实现向民主的根本性跨越,本身也无力承担拯救民族危难和解决社会危机的重任。传统民本思想中的“民主”因子,中国式“民主”的实践,近代中国人对西方民主语义的误读,是民本思想与西方民主“对接”的充分理由和影响中国近代民主进程的重要因素。只要传统民本思想中封建主义因素没有剔除,传统民本思想的兴衰无法摆脱朝代兴衰的历史轮回。只要中国近代半殖民地、半封建社会的性质没有改变,传统民本思想无法摆脱近代民主进程中与民主的混乱纠缠。唯有马克思主义在人类历史上第一次实现对民本思想科学地解读。共产党人以发扬传统民本思想精华为己任,实现民本思想与民主进程的有机结合。本文由四个部分组成,分别概述如下: 第一部分,民本思想与民主。民本思想与传统民本思想概念的界定。回顾中国传统民本思想发展历程,分析其特点,揭示传统民本思想的本质和作用。民本思想与民主的区别与联系。在中国传统民本思想和中国式“民主”的基础上,不可能产生近代西方式的民主思想,中国近代的民主思想完全由西方引进。两者重民的特点和近代国人对西方民主语义的误读,是西方民主思想能在中国传播和为国人接受的合理性解释。 第二部分,近代中国的民主进程。概述近代中国民主进程的发展阶段,分析其特点。 第三部分,传统民本思想在近代中国民主进程的影响。概述传统民本思想在近代中国民主进程中的发展历程,分析其特点。综合分析传统民本思想在近代中国民主进程中的影响,分两个方面来论述:第一,民本思想影响近代中国民主进程的形式分析;第二,民本思想影响近代民主进程的后果分析。第三,民本思想更多还原

【Abstract】 The traditional People-based thought is the unique important political thought of ancient China. It focuses on the important role and function of people in government. It focuses on the important role and function of people in government. The practice had positive influence for showing solicitude for people, resuming or develop production, maintaining the social stabilization. There is rich democracy gene in the traditional People-based thought, thought it didn’t realize the essential transformation to democracy and can’t retrieve the crisis of nation and society till modern times. The democracy gene, practice of Chinese democracy, and the misconstruing western democracy in modern times cause the differences between the People-based thought and western democracy thought. The Traditional People-based thought had deeply affected the modern evolution of democracy in China. It’s not able to shake off the historical samsara unless it could get rid of feudalistic factors. Only Marxism has scientifically interpreted the People-based thought firstly in human history. Communists performed the organic combination by developing the traditional People-based thought. The study is composed of six parts.Firstly, People-based thought and democracy. the meaning of the People-based thought and the traditional People-based thought. The definitions of the People-based thought and the traditional People-based thought. Putting forward the essence and function of the traditional People-based thought. the differences and connections of traditional People-based thought and democracy. The author points out that it can’t give birth to western democracy thought based on Chinese traditional People-based thought and Chinese democracy.secondly, summarizing the modern evolution of democracy in China, and analyzing the characteristics.Thirdly, the effect of the traditional People-based thought on the evolution of democracy in modern China. summarizing the evolution of the traditional People-based thought in modern China, and analyzing the characteristics. the effect of the traditional People-based thought on the evolution of democracy in modern China . It’s the core of the study, composing by three parts. First, the analyzing of the forms. Second, the analyzing of the results. Third, the analyzing of the cultural roots.Fourthly, historical reflection. The author indicates that only Marxism has scientifically interpreted the People-based thought firstly in human history. Communists performed the organic combination directed by Marxism, and solved the issues of the People-based thought and democracy in theory and practice.更多还原