永磁同步直线电机伺服控制系统研究

【作者】 林春；

【导师】 林瑞光；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 电机与电器， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 在90年代中期以后,由于科学技术的日新月异,尤其是计算机技术,微电子技术,现代控制理论的发展,带来了电机本体及其相关学科的迅猛发展,使得电机的数字化控制替代传统的模拟控制成为未来电机发展的必然趋势。而直线驱动技术在精密定位领域中也得到了广泛的应用。特别是随着数控机床加工技术要求不断地实现高速和超高速化、精密和超精度化,高速反应能力地直线伺服进给技术—所谓地零传动方式便应用而生。 直线电机伺服系统与传统的“旋转电机+滚珠丝杠”进给方式相比,虽然消除了机械传统链所带来的一些不良影响,但却增加了电气电子控制上的难度。在要求高精度微进给的场合,必须站在更高的层次上,考虑更多的摄动与扰动等不确定因素对进给运动的影响,否则,零传动将失去原来所希望的意义。因此,必须采用更有效的控制技术,诸如使用数字信号处理器(DSP)芯片、实现电压正弦PWM控制(SPWM)、电压空间矢量PWM(SVPWM)控制以及自适应控制、神经元控制、模糊控制这些现代的控制策略。用软件和微电子器件取代精度要求很高而又笨重的机械部件来获得更高性能,无论如何是值得的。 本文首先介绍了直线电机和相关控制技术的基本原理、发展历史及其分类,接着介绍了当前应用于永磁同步电机的主要的控制策略,以及本文所采用的控制策略,具体分析了控制框图和所采用的一些控制方法。再接着介绍了控制系统的软硬件,给出了具体的电路图和流程图。然后在MATLAB/Simulink平台下搭建了控制器的仿真系统,做了相应的仿真,给出并分析了仿真结果。最后用控制器做了相应的试验,分析了试验结果,提出了存在的问题并给出了今后改进的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the period of 90’s, Science technology is changing quickly, Especially, because of the development of computer science, micro-electronics, and modern control theory, Electrical Machinery and its interrelated subjects develop swiftly and violently. It is feasible and inevitable that digital control method has been taking the place of analog control method in this field. At the same time, The technology about the linear motor is widely used in the precise location field. Especially, with the requirement of the digital controlled machine tools increasing, The hyper speed, the hyper precision, the hyper reactivity, what is called zero mechanical gearing control theory, are easy to put in practice for the linear motor’s servo system.Compared with the conventional rotary motor and scroll lever, the linear motor’s servo system has removed the bad effects which are caused by the mechanical gearing. But it adds the difficulties in the aspect of electrical control. We should stand a higher level and take deeper consideration about some disturbs or some uncertain factors in situation of higher precision and tinier process. Otherwise, Zero mechanical gearing has nonsense. So we should take more effective control technologies, Such as using the Digital Signal Processing Chip, adopting Voltage Sinusoid Pulse Width Modulation、 Voltage Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation、 Adaptive Control、 Neural Control、 Fuzzy Control. In order to get higher efficiency, It is worth replacing some big and heavy mechanical components by the micro-electronics and software method.The content of this paper can be summarized as follows: Chapter 1 contains the basic principle of linear motor, its control technology, history and classification. Chapter 2 describes several state-of-art control methods of PMSM and gives a intensive description of the method which has been used in the experiment system. Chapter 3 covers the software programme flowchart and hardware circuit scheme about the experiment system. Chapter 4 deals with the simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink and the analysis of simulation result. Finally, Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 discuss the result and the unresolved problem of the experiment, and some possible improved methods to solve this problem are also discussed.更多还原