“三言”被动式的考察与研究

【作者】 刘媛媛；

【导师】 吴辛丑；

【作者基本信息】 华南师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以明末冯梦龙编著的“三言”(《喻世明言》、《警世通言》、《醒世恒言》)为主要研究对象,对其中出现的被动式进行穷尽式的调查与研究,深入分析了每种被动式的特点,着重探讨了“被”字式的结构及语义特点。本文还对“三言”被动式的时代层次进行分析,并和明末凌濛初创作的“二拍”(《拍案惊奇》、《二刻拍案惊奇》)进行比较,分析二者之间的异同,试图总结明代被动式的使用特点。 (1) “三言”被动式仍是以“被”字式为主,但其中保存了大量前代流行的被动式,如“于”字式、“见”字式、“为”字式、“为……所”式等,使得“被”字式的比例低于同时代其他作品;(2)“被”字式变得更加复杂,“被”字的宾语类型多样、动词前后的附加成分进一步丰富,这是被动式表义日趋精密和准确的表现;(3) “三言”中出现了大量特殊“被”字式,被动式中出现不及物动词、言说类动词、使令义动词,被动式省略主要动词,否定式中动词的语义关系复杂。 全文共分八部分:一、引言;二、“三言”被动式的基本类型;三、“三言”被动式的句法功能和语法意义;四、“三言”“被”字式的探讨;五、“三言”被动式的时代层次;六、“三言”与明代被动式研究;七、余论;八、结语。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper, based on SanYan (YuShiMingYan、 JingShiTongYan、XingShiHengYan) compiled by Feng Meng-long in Ming Dynasty ,makes thorough investigation and overall description to the passive voice sentence forms appearing in the books,analyses deeply each sentence form’s characteristic , especially discusses the structure and the sematic relation of the sentence form of "bei".The paper analyses the times characteristic of San Yan,by comparing sentence forms of with those of ErPai(PaiAnJingQi、 ErKePaiAnJingQi) written by Ling Meng-chu in Ming Dynastry, we try to educe the diffenrence of the two books and characteristic of the passive voice in Ming Dynasty.Thereby conclusions are made as follows: first,the form of "bei" is the main passive voice in Sanyan , some classical sentence forms are still remained in the book,such as the forms of "Yu"、 “Jian”、 "Wei”、 "Wei-Suo" etc,but the proportion of the form of "bei" is lower than others in the same times. Second, the form of "Bei" is becoming complexed, it indicates the precision and nicety of the passive voice .Last,there are a great deal of especial form of "Bei" ,they are representative forms in morden China.The paper is made up of eight parts: First: the introduction. Second: the basal forms of the passive voice in SanYan. Third: the function and meaning of the syntax of the passive voice in SanYan. Forth: Investigating into the form of "Bei"in SanYan. Fifth: the times of the passive voice in SanYan. Sixth: "SanYan" and the investigation into the passive voice in Ming Dynasty. Seventh:the discussion of some correlative problems. Eighth: conclusions.更多还原