【作者】 王璠；

【导师】 柯尊忠；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 机械工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着世界工业生产的发展,城市人口的增加,工业废水与生活污水的排放量日益增多,污泥的产出量迅速增加,城市污水污泥是城市污水处理的副产品,为避免二次污染和有效利用污泥中的有效成分,污泥的处理已经成为全世界关心的问题。目前污泥的处理方式主要有填埋、投海、焚烧、堆肥资源利用等。本文通过对污泥的几种处理方式的比较,认为将稳定化、无害化处理后的污泥作为一种有机肥料使用,将成为我国一种很有应用前景的污泥处置与利用途径。 我国是人口众多的农业大国,对城市污泥实行堆肥无害化处置是适合我国国情的方法,既解决了污染问题,又解决了农业有机肥源问题。因此,本论文对城市污泥处理提出了“污泥半干化与堆肥技术集成工艺”,并对该工艺技术中的关键设备“污泥干化设备”、“堆肥中翻堆机”进行了设计研究。 一、污泥半干化技术与高温好氧发酵技术集成工艺研究;通过对污泥干化能耗与污泥含水率的关系的研究,提出将污泥含水率由80%干化至60%称为半干化阶段,该阶段能耗低,物料体积减少一半,减少占地面积。然后与部分菌种及少量干泥进行混合,使污泥含水率达到50～55%,适合污泥高温好氧堆肥发酵的含水率,再进行高温好氧发酵。该集成工艺具有如下特点:能耗小,安全可靠性高,占地小,运行费用低,自动化程度高,适用范围广。 二、对污泥半干化技术与高温好氧发酵集成工艺中的半干化设备进行了研究。采用间接干化技术,在提高过程控制水平、实现无人操作上提出了研究方案并对设备的温度、压力、含氧量、物料的含尘量等参数进行了研究,实现监控技术,确保设备安全性和可靠性。同时对污泥的脱水率、出料速度和干化温度、干化时间的最佳匹配控制技术;设备的抗腐蚀、磨损技术进行了研究。 三、对污泥半干化技术与高温好氧发酵集成工艺中的堆肥阶段的翻堆设备进行了设计研究,设计出链条式翻堆机,该翻堆机可同时进行物料混合、翻堆、输送及疏散功能一体化,提高了自动化水平,实现无人操作。同时对翻堆速度、输送量和设备行走速度之间的匹配技术;设备的抗腐蚀、磨损技术及自动化控制技术进行了研究。 四、该技术在唐山西郊污水处理厂进行了实际应用,取得了很好的效果。污泥半干化技术与高温好氧发酵集成技术实现了节能、高效、自动化,该集成技术中创新设计的链条式翻堆机,具有物料混合、翻堆、输送及疏散等一体化功能。本论文的成果为城市污泥堆肥技术提供了新型的工艺和设备,该污泥半干化技术与高温好氧发酵集成技术的研究具有重要的理论研究价值、经济更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of industry and the increase of population, the output of wastewater and sewage sludge has been increasing greatly. The sewage sludge is the by-product of wastewater treatment plants. Treatment and disposal of the sludge has become a question of world wild concern in order to minimize its harm and to make effective use of it. The current situation s of disposal and utilization of sludge (land fill, oceanic jettison, incineration, and fertilization etc) were introduced and compared. In conclusion, fertilization will be a new way to utilize the wastewater sludge for practical purposes in China in the future.China is an agricultural country of numerous populations. Urban sludge disposal is a method that is suited to domestic conditions. This method not only settles pollution but also organic manure of agriculture. Therefore, this paper study the process of urban sludge composting and two mainly equipments of part dryer and composting.1.By study the relations between energy of dry sludge and the rate of water content, the author puts forward the process that is the sludge part dry up combined with the technology of high temperature oxidation composting fermentation. Using the low energy consumption in process of part dry, the sludge rates of water content is from 80% to 60%, and meantime the volume is decrease a half and floor areas is decrease. Sludge water content 60% mixture with fungus and dry sludge into the rate of water content50-55%. This sludge is site high temperature oxidation composting fermentation, The technology have some specially feature: low energy consumption, secure, small floor area, low cost, high automatic and extensive scope of application.2.Study the equipments of the technology part dry, the process adopt the technology of indirect dry up .The plan is deigned in raise control levels and automatic .It is studied that is equipment parameter of, temperature, pressure, oxygen content and dustiness, monitor and control technology is realized, Secure and reliance. Meantime, the designed that is the control time matched optimum the dewater rate, products outlet speed, dry temperature, dry time, abrasion resistance and resistance to corrosion for equipment.3.Dedin and study the equipment for the technology of sludge part dry up combined with the oxidation fermentation. That of chain plough equipment, thismachine have many functions of delivery, mixture, pludge, It is studied that machine between pledge speed and running speed, abrasion resistance and resistance to corrosion and automatic.4.This technology is applied in Tan Shan xi jiao swage sludge treatment plant .It yields good results.Sum up ,the technology of sludge part dry up machine with high temperature oxidation fermentation realize energy saving ,high coefficient, automation .The new technology is chain pludge machine that have pludge , delivery, sparse together .This paper offer new process and meantime for urban sludge composting ,The research of this technology have economic results and society benefit.更多还原