【作者】 吕维莲；

【导师】 杨武；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 分析化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 未来纳米科技的发展将取决于纳米结构的获得情况,分子自组装是制备分子纳米结构的重要手段,大部分的分子组装体系都是界面吸附体系,尤其是固体界面吸附体系。研究分子的界面自组装行为对理解分子纳米结构的形成规律,进一步实现对分子纳米结构的人为控制至关重要。STM的出现为人们研究分子的界面组装行为提供了一种极为有力的工具。目前STM对表面吸附组装结构的研究还主要集中于对单组分体系的研究,而要制备功能性器件和结构将不可避免地涉及到多组分体系的组装。 本工作就是利用STM的高分辨成像能力观察了酞菁和溴代长链烷烃分子二元共混体系在高定向裂解石墨表面上的自组装行为,并进一步分析了所得的组装结构。 第一部分 概论 第一章 纳米结构及其制备技术概论 本章简要介绍了纳米结构的基本概念和制备技术以及纳米结构体系的分类。 第二章 自组装技术 本章对自组装技术和分子自组装做了简要介绍。并从自组装膜的主要特征、分类、影响因素、应用以及展望等方面认识了自组装膜。 第三章 扫描隧道显微镜 本章概述了STM的理论依据、技术实现、优越性、应用、扩展及其最新进展。 第二部分 实验研究 第一章 酞菁与1-溴代十六烷在HOPG上的自组装行为研究 用扫描隧道显微镜研究了酞菁与1-溴代十六烷的自组装行为。通过改变酞菁与1-溴代十六烷的物质的量比(分别为1∶1,1∶2,1∶3,1∶3.5,1∶4和1∶5),获得了不同的组装结构。由此得出结论:二者物质的量比在1∶3～1∶4之间时,容易获得稳定均匀有序的自组装结构。用硝酸银的二甲亚砜溶液作为指示剂,证明酞菁与1-溴代十六烷的相互作用是分子间作用,不是共价作用。加热对自组装行为的影响也进行了研究,得出加热并不是获得有序自组装结构的必要条件,关键在于使样品的溶剂完全挥发。 第二章 酞菁与1-溴代十二烷在HOPG上的自组装行为研究 用扫描隧道显微镜研究了酞菁与1-溴代十二烷的自组装行为。通过改变酞更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in future is determined on how to obtain nanostructures. Molecular self-assembly is an effective method fabricating molecular nanostructure. A lot of molecular assembly systems are interface adsorption systems, especially solid interface adsorption systems. The study of molecular interface self-assembly behavior is very important to understand the formation regular of molecular nanostructure and to further realize the artificial control of molecular nanostructure. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate molecular interface assembly behavior. At present, the STM study of interfacial adsorption assembly structure involves mainly the investigation of single-component systems, however, it is necessary to study multi-component systems for fabricating the functional devices.In this thesis, the self-assembly behavior of pathalocyanine and bromic long-chain alkanes molecular on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) has been investigate by STM, and the obtained nanostructure has been further analyzed.Part one REVIEWChapter one The nanostructure and its preparation technologyIn this chapter, the fundamental conception, preparation technology of nanostructure, and classify of nanostructure system were reviewed.Chapter two Self-assembly technologyThe self-assembly technology and molecule self-assembly were introduced simply in this chapter, and some self-assembly films from the aspects of main character, classify, influence factors, application, and prospects were also reviewed.Chapter three Scanning tunnel microscopeThe theoretical thereunder, technical achievement, advantage, application, and up-to-date evolution of STM were summarized.Part two EXPERIMENTSChapter one STM study of a self-assembly behavior of phthalocyanine and 1-bromohexadecane on HOPGThe self-assembly behavior of phthalocyanine (Pc) and 1-bromohexadecane (C16Br) is studied by STM. Binary mixtures of different molar ratio are also observed, such as 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:3.5, 1:4, and 1:5. By adjusting the molar ratio of Pc to C16Br to about 1:3-1:4, the resulting high stability and the well ordered assembly can be obtained easily on the HOPG surface. Interaction of C16Br with Pc is intermolecular, not covalent, which is tested by the solution of AgNO3. It is crucial to make the solvent of the sample to be volatilized completely, so that the assembly structure can be observed more stably.Chapter twe STM study of a self-assembly behavior of phthalocyanine and 1-bromododecane on HOPGThe self-assembly behavior of phthalacyanine (Pc) and 1-bromododecane (C12Br) is studied by STM. Binary mixtures of different molar ratio are also observed, such as 1:3, 1:6, 1:9 and 1:12. By adjusting the molar ratio of Pc to C12Br to about 1:3—1:6, the resulting high stability and the ordered assembly structure can be obtained easily on the HOPG surface. Interaction of C12Br with Pc is intermolecular, not covalent, which is tested by the solution of AgNO3. The analysis of assembly structure of Pc and C12Br results that it is easy to obtain ordered structure and multi-layer structure.Chapter three ConclusionThe chapter concludes relative conclusions of the self-assembly behavior of pathalocyanine and bromic long-chain alkanes molecular on HOPG. Interaction of Pc with bromic long-chain alkanes and the reasons of deference between theory and experiment are analyzed. The further study of multi-component interface assembly system will be more potential.更多还原