【作者】 黄继；

【导师】 黄政新；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 爱因斯坦的物理实在观在爱因斯坦人生不同阶段特点是不同的,在少年时期、青年学生时期和科学家时期,爱因斯坦物理实在观可以按照当时的特点分别命名为:朴素唯物主义的物理实在观、经验论的物理实在观和理性论的物理实在观,并且爱因斯坦物理实在观特点的变化是有其内在和外在原因的。爱因斯坦认为客观物质世界是因果确定性的,而玻尔则认为客观物质世界是不确定的、几率性的,在物理实在观上的差别和对立是爱因斯坦-玻尔争论的重要原因,并且由于他们物理实在观差别和对立的不可调和性,导致他们学术争论的不可调和性和持久性。EPR 问题的提出是爱因斯坦-玻尔争论的直接结果。随着实验技术的进步,EPR 问题由思想实验发展到可以通过实验直接验证。EPR 型实验的最新实验结果支持量子力学的预言,而和爱因斯坦的因果确定性的物理实在观相悖。这样的实验结果使得爱因斯坦的物理实在观面临挑战。在实验事实的面前,对爱因斯坦的物理实在观必须有新的理解。更多还原

【Abstract】 Einstein’s view of physical reality is distinct in different periods of his life — the period of juvenile ,youth and scientist. According to the features of different periods, it can be named as: naive materialist view of physical reality, rationalistic view of physical reality and empirical view of physical reality. The change of each feature has its internal and external reason. Einstein held the view that the objective material world was determined by cause and effect. However, Bohr believed that the world was uncertain and full of probability. The important reason why Einstein and Bohr disputed is the difference and antithesis on the view of physical reality, which is implacable and protracted. The proposition of EPR problem is the direct result of the debate between Einstein and Bohr. With the development of experimental technique, the EPR problem has grown out of thought experiment and can be tested directly through real experiment. The latest experimental result of the EPR-type experiment supports the prophecy of quantum theory. However, it runs counter to Einstein’s deterministic physics of cause and effect. The results of experiment makes Einstein’s view of physical reality face a challenge .In front of these experiment facts, we must have a new understanding towards Einstein’s view of physical reality.更多还原