【作者】 钟文波；

【导师】 徐晓虹；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 材料学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以氧化铝工业的废物赤泥及粉煤灰和低品位粘土页岩为主要原料,通过加入一些改变成型及烧成性能的添加剂,分别采用压制成型和挤出成型二种成型方法,制备性能优良的环保型清水砖,以期实现对工业固体废物的综合利用。通过对工业固体废物赤泥、粉煤灰和低品位粘土页岩的测试和分析。结果表明,赤泥由于其组成中SiO2和Al2O3的含量较低CaO含量太高不满足陶瓷砖的组成而适合于制备全赤泥砖,而粉煤灰和低品位粘土页岩则可用于分别制备全粉煤灰砖和全页岩砖。通过对初步清水砖制备体系中的样品的性能和微观结构的测试。结果表明,样品中的赤泥的最大加入量超过80%,样品变形较大;另外研究还发现,当赤泥的加入量为40%时,样品的气孔率达43. 03%,样品的抗折强度为66. 83MPa;样品的抗压强度为108. 58MPa。通过对K2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系清水砖制备体系中的样品的性能和微观结构的测试。结果表明,当赤泥的加入量为70%时,样品的气孔率为61. 21%,样品的抗压强度为21. 26MPa;另外,还进一步验证了赤泥的含量超过80%,样品性能下降。通过对CaO-MgO-K2O-Al2O3-SiO2系清水砖制备体系中的样品的性能和微观结构的测试。结果表明,当赤泥的加入量为70%时,样品的气孔率为60. 27%,样品的抗折强度为37. 92MPa;样品的抗压强度为54. 91MPa;另外还发现,成型压力对样品的烧成温度和性能影响显著;熟料合理级配能更有效地改善样品的变形和开裂。通过对挤出成型的清水砖的初步的研究发现。坯料的陈腐时间对坯料的可塑性、干燥敏感性的影响较大,陈腐时间为2d时坯料的可塑性最大,陈腐时间小于4d时,干燥敏感性系数较小。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to utilize industrial solid wastes, environmental simple bricks with high performances were made from industrial solid wastes such as red mud, fly ash and poor clay shale as main raw materials in this paper. Some additives were used to improve the properties, and pressing and extruding were used respectively.By the test of performances and microstructure of raw materials including red mud, fly ash and poor clay shale, the results show that bricks are not made only from red mud because of its chemical composition （the content of SiO2 and Al2O3 are too low and the content of CaO is too high）, but only from fly ash and poor clay shale respectively.By the test of performances and microstructure of samples in the system of the initial simple bricks, it was found that the samples were deformed notable when the content of the red mud was more than 80%.In addition, the results show that the porosity of the sample is 43.03%, the bending strength is 66.83MPa and the compression strength is 108.58MPa., when the content of the red mud is 40%.By the test of performances and microstructure of samples in the system of the K₂O-MgO-Al₂O₃SiO₂ simple bricks, the results show that the porosity of the sample is 61.21%, the compression strength is 21.26MPa, when the content of the red mud is 70%.In addition, the result that the performances of the samples were declined remarkably when the content of the red mud is added more than 80% is proved.By the test of performances and microstructure of samples in the system of the K₂O-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ simple bricks, the results show that the porosity of the sample is 60.27%, the bending strength is 37.92MPa and the compression strength is 54.9 IMPa, when the content of the red mud is 70%. And it is found that the performances and fired temperatures are affected by the formation pressure and reasonable size-grading grogs are improved the deformation and crack of the samples.By the primary study of the simple bricks that were made by extrusion, the plasticity and drying sensitivity of the bodies were remarkably affected by the ageingtimes. The plasticity of the bodies were the best when the ageing times were two days and the drying sensitivity of the bodies were good when the ageing times were not more than four days.更多还原