【作者】 王湘；

【导师】 王继勇；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 车辆工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文研究内容包括以下两个方面的工作: 一、冠醚铜对UHMWPE改性的研究 UHMWPE是一种线性结构的具有优异综合性能的热塑性工程塑料,但其熔融时粘度高,成型困难;作为摩擦材料时,摩擦系数低,耐磨性好,但耐热性差,导热率低,使用温度范围小。本课题通过冠醚铜对UHMWPE进行填充改性,考察它对UHMWPE熔体流动性、摩擦磨损性能的影响。主要结论如下: 1.制备了18-冠-6和15-冠-5两种冠醚与硝酸铜、氯化铜的配合物,用元素分析、红外光谱分析了配合物的结构,用DSC扫描仪考察了它们的热分解过程。18-冠-6配合物中过渡金属阳离子与硝酸根、配位水的氧原子结合,再通过配位水的氢原子,以氢键的形式束缚冠醚;15-冠-5的配合物具有与碱金属配合物相类似的结构,存在金属与冠醚的直接作用。15-冠-5与硝酸铜配合物的分解温度超过了UHMWPE的加工温度,决定用它对UHMWPE进行填充改性。 2.采用模压法研制了UHMWPE材料、冠醚铜改性的UHMWPE复合材料,用环-块摩擦磨损试验机、销盘摩擦磨损试验机进行摩擦磨损试验研究,结果表明:加入少量冠醚铜其摩擦系数略有降低,磨损量稍有增加,随着冠醚铜加入量的增加,摩擦系数基本保持不变,而磨损量却明显加大,说明冠醚铜抗摩减磨性能不十分理想。采用熔融指数仪测试其熔体流动性,发现加入少量冠醚铜可以明显降低UHMWPE的熔体粘度,改善流体的流动性能,有望解决UHMWPE难以加工的难题。 二、纳米碳管/聚醚酮酮复合材料的研究 聚醚酮酮是一种新型的热塑性耐热高分子材料,具有优异的机械力学性能、耐溶剂抗化学腐蚀性能、抗辐射和阻燃性等。纳米碳管具有独特的结构,优异的力学性能、热稳定性与导电性能,将纳米碳管与高分子材料进行复合,充分发挥各自的优点,以获得性能更加优异的纳米复合材料。本论文以纳米碳管为填料,通过原位聚合法制备了纳米碳管/聚醚酮酮复合材料,对其性能进行了研究。主要结论如下: 1.以对苯二甲酰氯、二苯醚为反应单体,1,2-二氯乙烷为溶剂、无水AlCl₃/DMF为复合催化剂,采用低温溶液缩聚法合成聚醚酮酮。 2.考察原料配比、催化剂用量、反应时间等几种反应条件对合成聚醚酮酮分子量的影响,以得到了适宜的合成条件。合成聚醚酮酮的最佳实验条件为:单体摩尔比为1∶1,AlCl₃/TPC摩尔比为3.8～4.2,DMF/TPC摩尔比为1.8～2.2,反应时间为20小时。 3.用红外光谱对聚醚酮酮结构进行表征,用热重分析仪、差示扫描量热仪更多还原

【Abstract】 There are two parts in this paper:A. Study on Characteristics of UHMWPE filled with Crown-ether-copperUHMWPE is a kind of engineering plastic with many outstanding physical and mechanical performances.But its melting viscosity is very tall,and moulding is difficult.As friction material with low friction coefficient and excellent wear-resistance,its heat-proof is bad,heat-conducting rate is low and the area of using temperature is narrow.In this subject, UHMWPE is modified by being filled with Crown-ether-copper,and its influence on the flowing property and the friction wear characteristics of UHMWPE is studied.The conclusion as follows:1. The complexes of copper nitrate and chloride with 18-C-6,15-C-5 are prepared,and characterized by element analysis,IR spectra and thermal analysis. Metal has no direct action with crown ether in 18-C-6 complex,and has direct action in 15-C-5 complex. The decomposing temperature of complex of copper nitrate with 15-C-5 is over the processing temperature of UHMWPE,so it is used filling in UHMWPE.2. The UHMWPE composites modified by Crown-ether-copper are prepared and tested on a friction and wear tester. The result showes: while adding a little amount of filler, the friction coefficient of the composite is reduced slightly and wear mass loss is increased a little;With the increace of adding filler, the friction coefficient nearly hold the line,but the wear mass loss is enhanced obviously. The flowing property of the composite is tested by melting instrument.The melting viscosity is reduced evidently with a little filler,and the flowing property is improved.B. Study on CNTs/PEKK compositepolyether-ketone-ketone(PEKK) is a kind of novel macromolecule material with excellent mechanical performances,radiation resistance,and so on. carbon nanotubes(CNTs) is of unique structure,outstanding mechanical,heat stability,electric conductivity.In this paper, CNTs/PEKK composite is prepared by means of insitupolymerization,and its properties are investigated. The conclusion as follows:1. PEKK is synthesized by means of low temperature solution polycondensation with diphenyl ether and terephthaloyl chloride as reaetants,l,2-dichloroethane as solvent and AlCl3/DMF as complex catalyst.2. several reaction conditions,such as the material amount,catalyst dosage,andreaction time,which affected the molecular weight of PEKK ,are investigated.The best reaction conditions: the mol ratio of the monocases is 1:1, the mol ratio of AlCl3/TPC is 3.8-4.2, the mol ratio of DMF/TPC is 1.8-2.2, the reaction time is 20 hours.3. PEKK is characterized by IR, TG, and DSC.Its major properties are determinedrthe intrinsic viscosity is over 0.8dl/g,the melting point is 372.2℃, the thermal decomposing temperature is 534℃.4. CNTs/ PEKK composites are prepared with different content of CNTs by means of insitupolymerization.Its dispersion is reviewed by SEM. CNTs are dispersed in PEKK matrix in the scale of nanometer without chemical processing,and packed tightly by PEKK matrix.The interface bonding is buildup between CNTs and PEKK.5. The melting point of PEKK can be lowered obviously in the scale of 30℃ by adding a little amount of CNTs(3(?)5%),and its heat-resistance property can be enhanced notably.更多还原