【作者】 黄水灵；

【导师】 凌丹；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 国际贸易学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 自20世纪以来,跨国公司为了谋取利润的最大化,凭借自身经营管理、技术、品牌等方面的优势,不断追求全球生产体系的扩张。然而在扩张中发现:不同的国家、不同的民族、不同的经济和消费层次和不同的文化背景具有市场的差异性。这就迫使跨国公司在思考和推行全球化的过程中要树立新的理念,在充分做好对当地的市场调研的情况下,利用企业的柔性和弹性,实施本土化战略模式,以此来降低市场进入的壁垒,使生产要素得到合理配置,降低交易成本和信息费用,提高竞争优势,更好地满足不同的目标市场的需求。而跨国公司在我国的直接投资主要是在改革开放后,并经历了从考察试探到扩大试办再到规模系统化投资的发展过程。在此过程中,跨国公司为了适应我国经济、投资环境的变化,而不得不逐步采取各种具体的本土化战略来占领我国市场。加入WTO后,我国将在更广泛领域参与国际经济,开放程度得到进一步加强,迫使跨国公司在日益激烈的中国市场上,向我国输出更先进的技术和管理经验,加快在华本土化的步伐。这意味着包括管理、技术等各方面在内的本土化程度远远高于过去,目的是希望进入并占领中国这个世界上最大的市场。 本文以跨国公司在对外直接投资时对东道国实施本土化战略为主题,建立国际经济学、区域经济学和发展经济学的分析框架,运用国际投资和跨国公司理论,系统研究跨国公司本土化战略,结合跨国公司在我国实施本土化战略的现实内容,理论分析和实证研究相结合,尽可能准确描叙跨国公司在我国实施本土化战略的现实状况和问题,并从理论上给予解释;分析了跨国公司实施本土化战略给我国经济带来的影响,并从实践中寻找问题解决的途径,使理论分析紧密联系经济实际。全文共分六章,主要内容如下: 本文第一章首先从跨国公司对东道国投资时实施本土化战略的经济事实出发提出了要研究的问题,通过文献查阅和评述,提出问题研究的目的和意义,以及主要研究的思路与技术路线。 第二章主要综述和分析前人对跨国公司实施本土化战略的理路研究成果。分别从微观跨国公司理论、跨国公司新理论以及跨国公司区位选择理论三个方面进行理论回顾 第三章分析了跨国公司本土化战略。本章从战略的角度,分别从跨国公司更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 20 centuries, in order to pursue the maximize profits, the MNCS (Multinational Corporations) continuously pursued the expansion to produce system relying on these advantages of the management, technique and brand etc. However, in the expansion, they found that different nations, different economy lever, different consume structure and different culture background had market’s difference, which force the MNCS to set up new conceptions. Under the full researching of native market, the MNCS make use of the enterprise’s flexibility, enforce the mode of localization strategy, then decrease the barracks into market, make the production factor get reasonable install, lower the bargain cost and the information expenses, increase the compete advantage, and more well satisfy the need of the different target market. The direct investments of MNCS in our country primarily were after the reformation open, and experience 3 development processes from expedition’s investigate to extending to the investigate scale and again to systematize the investments. During the process, in order to adapt to the orientation our country economic and investment environment of variety, MNCS have to gradually adopt every kind of localization strategy to capture Chinese market. After entering into WTO, our country not only joins in the international economy at the more extensive fields, but also opens the degree to get to further enhance. These force MNCS to put out the more advanced technique and manage experience to our country in more and more intense competition’s Chinese market, and speed up the step of localization in china. This means to the localization degree include the management and technique etc being far higher than past, which purpose hopes to go into and occupy Chinese market of the biggest world market.The thesis is on the background of MNCS enforcing localization strategy during the directly investment to the host country. It connects the realistic contents of MNCS enforcing localization strategy in china. It learns from analyze the method with the system economics and newly classic economics. It establish analysis frame with international economics, district economics and developing economics. It makes the theories analysis and solid study together. It possibly accurately gives the picture of the economic and realistic: problem of MNCS enforcing localization strategy in china,and gives theoretically explain. It makes sure MNCS enforcing localization strategy give our country to bring the economic influence. It looks for problem-solving path from the fulfillment, and makes the theories analysis close contact the facts. This thesis consists of six chapters, totally main contents as follows:The chapter 1: from the economic facts that MNCS enforce localization strategy during the directly investment to the host country, it puts forward problems of researches; through reviewing documents, it brings up researching meaning, aim, and mainly technique route.The chapter 2: it mainly analyzes and overviews the previously researching results that MNCS enforce localization strategy. Three aspects of theories review over micro theories and macro theories of MNC and district advantage theories.The chapter 3: it analyzes and describes MNCS enforcing localization strategy. From the strategy’s angle, it mainly analyzes the general situation of localization strategy, these acting reasons and establishment of MNCS enforcing localization strategy.The chapter 4: it mainly researches that MNCS enforce localization strategy in china. Firstly, it looks back general situation and characteristics of MNCS investing in china. Then, from furnishing chain, employing personal and R&D, it analyzes MNCS enforcing localization strategy in china.The chapter 5: it analyzes economic effects to our country of MNCS enforcing localization strategy in china. It analyzes positive influence and negative influence on china’s economic from the capital effect, the employment effect, the effect with industry transferring, the effect with technique scattering and the market ef更多还原