【作者】 孙晓霞；

【导师】 张建；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 材料学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 纳米氧化铟锡粉体材料是一种锡掺杂的半导体材料,其高的光电性能被广泛的应用于透明导电薄膜的制备中。目前其应用主要集中于采用溅射法与沉积法直接在材料上形成功能性的薄膜,从经济效益上看,这种制备工艺限制了ITO粉体的应用。本课题本着这点出发,制备具有一定分散性能的纳米级的ITO粉体,此分散性粉体能够直接分散于溶剂中,对后期生产透明导电及红外屏蔽涂料有所帮助,这样会使最终产品的成本大大降低,从而扩大的ITO粉体的应用范围,能够应用于中低档的产品上。 本文以铟块和SnCl₄·5H₂O为原料,采用化学共沉淀法制备氧化铟锡（ITO）纳米导电粉体。整个研究过程本着实现工业化生产的目的,从粉体的功能性、工艺过程的节能性几个方面出发,系统研究了共沉淀反应过程中的各因素的影响,着重讨论了溶液反应环境PH值、煅烧制度等对粉体粒径及电性能的影响规律,并对试验结果进行讨论,优化试验条件,进行了综合试验研究。运用X射线衍射（XRD）、Hall电阻测试、差热—热重分析（DTA-TG）、透射电镜（TEM）、电性能测试、紫外—可见光光度计等现代检测手段对粉体进行了表征。 同时在这篇文章里,我们尝试着在铟锡盐反应介质中加入溶剂KCl、NaCl、乙醇,改进共沉淀反应介质的方法来制备具有一定分散性能的ITO纳米粉末,KCl盐取得了很好的效果。 整个试验结果表明:向反应介质铟锡盐中添加6at.%KCl（相对于铟）、反应铟盐浓度88mmol/L,掺杂比SnO₂/In₂O₃≈5.3wt%,维持PH值为8的反应条件下制备前驱体,前驱粉体在450℃,氢气气氛煅烧的条件下可生成功能性的具有很好分散性能的ITO粉末,粒径大小为30—50nm,此制备得到的粉体通过简单的机械分散可直接稳定的分散于水、醇介质,若通过分散剂处理后的分散体系可以稳定存在两个月以上。该方法与以前的方法相比,反应条件更加的柔和,工艺设备简单、污染小、成本低、产品质量高,这在工业界具有很重要的应用意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a tin-doped oxide semiconductor material. It is widely used as raw material of transparent conductive film because of high conductivity and excellent transparency. But most ITO films are manufactured by deposition and sputtering process, which limited its application considering its interest. In comparison with this, we wanted to prepare nano-sized ITO powders with dispersion performance which can be used directly in the manufacturing of transparent conductive and infrared shield coatings. As the product’s cost decrease when using this particle , the extension of application is enlarged, which can be used in common materials.In this paper, conductive indium tin oxide( ITO) powders in size of nanometer were prepared by the hydrolysis of corresponding metal salts following co-precipitation technique using indium metal ingots and SnCl4 ·5H2O as raw materials. On the purpose of manufacturing functional powders in a large amount and energy-conserving, the factors in whole course were considered, especially the influences of co-precipitation terminal PH value and heat treatment temperature under hydrogen gas on the particle size and power resistance were discussed. The characteristics of powers were investigated by DTA-TG、 XRD、 TEM、 Hall measurements、 UV and conductivity meter.We also tried to prepare ITO nanometer powders with dispersion properties by adding some materials such as KC1 salt、 NaCl salt and ethanol to indium tin metal salts in co-precipitation process. In which KC1 showed good effects.The results showed that functional nanometer ITO powders of 30-50nm size with dispersion performance can be prepared. The condition is that indium salt concentration is 88mmol/L, SnO2/In2O3 =5.3wt%, reaction solution PH value is 8, The precursor are thermally reduced at 450 ℃ under hydrogen gas ,at the sametime adding 6at.%( corresponding indium salt) KC1 salt to indium tin salts. Thus, satisfactory and stable dispersion of ITO particles in aqueous solution is obtained only through simple mechanical force. This dispersion solution can exist stably more than two months by adding dispersant. The product has high quality and the new process is simple with little contamination, low cost which has important applications in industry.更多还原