动物实验性弦脉教学模型的建立及其评价

【作者】 文仁都；

【导师】 牛欣；

【作者基本信息】 北京中医药大学 ， 中西医结合基础， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 1 目的 本实验通过对家兔疼痛刺激和对家兔、犬静脉滴注去甲肾上腺素复制动物弦脉模型,使用 NX-3 型多功能脉图仪记录压力脉图,对脉图时域参数进行分析并进行脉象的属性归类,为中医脉诊教学,也为今后新药研发中加入中医脉诊指标作初步的探索。 2 方法 2.1 关于电学压力值与实际压力值换算的脉图仪压力定标实验:NX—3 多功能脉图仪黑色探头 1 和黑色探头 2 上放置 1g、2g、5g、10g、20g、50g、100g、140g砝码,NX—3 多功能脉图仪紫色探头放置 1g、2g、5g、10g、20g、50g 砝码分别记录两种脉图仪共三个探头其空载、探头上放置砝码时脉象采集仪上所显示的取脉压力值,验证砝码重与取脉压力值的线性关系。 2.2 给予家兔疼痛性刺激建立弦脉模型 在非麻醉状态下将家兔行颈部手术,暴露颈动脉,经两名有经验的中医师双盲取脉,使用脉图仪记录颈动脉脉图,待家兔呼吸平稳后再由两名有经验的中医师双盲取脉,确认为平脉后在同样的取脉压力下记录颈动脉脉图,对脉图参数进行分类后做时域分析。 2.3 给予家兔、犬静脉滴注去甲肾上腺素建立弦脉模型 将家兔、犬行颈部手术,暴露颈动脉, 待呼吸平稳后由两名有经验的中医师双盲取脉,确认为平脉后使用脉图仪记录颈动脉脉图,再静脉滴注去甲肾上腺素,再由两名有经验的中医师双盲取脉,确认为弦脉后在同样的取脉压力下记录家兔颈动脉脉图,犬的颈、肘和股动脉脉图并,对脉图参数进行分类后做时域分析。 3 结果 3.1 NX—3 多功能仪黑色探头 1 砝码重与电学压力值之间 R 值为 0.9993;NX—3 型多功能脉图仪黑探头 2 砝码重与电学压力值之间 R 值为 0.9997 ,NX—3 型多功能脉图仪紫探头砝码重与电学压力值之间 R 值为 0.9999。三者具有良好的线性关系。 3.2 家兔、犬教学用切诊部位 3.2.1 家兔 膝关节上 8.92±0.12cm 股动脉搏动处为关脉 3.2.2 犬 股动脉与股骨交叉处为关脉 3.3 家兔、犬弦股动脉指下感觉 3.3.1 家兔:①平脉指感:轻取即得,中取有力,重取反弱;一息 17～18 至;脉来和缓有力②弦脉指感:一息 14～15 至,脉位较浅,脉形长,脉势看紧张度较高,给人以“如按琴弦”的感觉。疼痛型弦脉时间可持续 30.07±4.06 分钟去甲肾上腺素型弦脉在持续滴注过程中一直存在。。 3.3.2 犬:①平脉 一息 8～9;轻取既得,中取有力,重取反弱;脉来平和有力;②弦脉 切脉时指下感觉与家兔弦脉大致相似,一息 7～8 至,脉位浅,脉形长,搏动比家兔甚至人的脉象更有力,脉紧张度高,有“端直以长,如按更多还原

【Abstract】 1 Objective The experiment copied the wiry pulse by hurting rabbits and internennous drop infusing noradrenalin in rabbits and dogs,using NX-3 multifunctional sphygmograph to note the change of the sphygmogram, analyzing the time domain parameters,and classifying them attributively. It is a benefiting research work for teaching Chinese Traditional Medicine pulse diagnosis, although for applying Chinese Traditional Medicine indication to developing new Chinese drug. 2 Methods 2.1 The experiment about changing electricic pressure values into the pulse-taking pressure values of making pressure standars of sphygmograph. Putting 1g、2g、5g、10g、20g、50g、100g、140g weights on the black1 probe and the black2 probe of NX-3 multifunctional sphygmograph ,putting 1g、2g、5g、10g、20g、50g weights on the purple probe of NX-3 multifunctional sphygmograph. Then we noted the the different pressure numerical value when putting none and different weights on the probes to prove the liner relationship between them. 2.2 Setting up wiry pulse model in achy rabbits We operated on the non-drugged state rabbits, exposure the carotid. After two experienced doctors of Traditional Chinese Medicine who knew nothing affirmed the pulse is wiry pulse, we used sphygmograph to note the sphygmogram of carotid. Then after the rabbits breathed calmly, two experienced doctors of Traditional Chinese Medicine who knew nothing affirmed the pulse was the normal pulse ,we noted the the sphygmogram of carotid under the same pulse-taking pressure. After classifying the parameters in the sphygmogram of carotid, we analyzed them by time domain. 2.3 Setting up Wiry pulse model by internennous drop infusing noradrenalin in rabbits and dogs We operated on the rabbits and the dogs, exposured the rabbits’carotid and the dogs’ carotid and brachial artery. Then two experienced doctors of Traditional Chinese Medicine who knew nothing affirmed the pulse is the normal pulse ,we used sphygmograph to noted the sphygmogram of carotid and brachial artery and femoral artery. And then we internennous drop infused noradrenalin in rabbits and dogs ,two doctors affirmed the pulse was wiry pulse, we noted the sphygmogram under the same pulse-taking pressure. After classifying the parameters in the sphy1gmogram, we analyzed them by time domain. 3 Results 3.1 The R value of the balck1 probe of NX-3 multifunctional sphygmograph between the weights and electricity pressure value is 0.9993; The R value of the black2 probe of NX-3 multifunctional sphygmograph between the weights and electricity pressure value is 0.9997; The R value of the purple probe of NX-3 multifunctional sphygmograph between the weights and electricity pressure value is 0.9999. They all have good liner relationship. 3.2 The position used for teaching pulse diagnosis 3.2.1 The rabbits The femoral artery pulses where the place is beyond 9cm of the knee joint 3.2.2 The dogs The femoral artery pulses where the artery and femoral cross. 3.3 The feeling of the pulse when the doctor touch the femoral artery 3.3.1 The rabbit ①The normal pulse: when you touched is softly, you could feel the pulse. when you touch it in normal strength, you could feel it pulse strongly. When you touched in the most strength, it pulse infirmly. The rate of the pulse was 17-18 per human’s breath.②The wiry pulse: The rate of the pulse was 14-15 per human’s breath. the pulse position was shallow; the pulse shape was longer; the pulse tension was higher. It was like touching the string. The wiry pulse model of achy rabbits last for 30.07±4.06 minutes. The wiry pulse model about noradrenalin was felt by doctors during internennous drop infusing noradrenalin. 3.3.2 The dog ①The normal pulse: The rate of the pulse was 8-9 human’s breath. when you touched it in normal strength, you could feel it pulse strongly. When you touched in the most strength, it pulse infirmly. ② Whole feeling likes the rabbit’s feeling, but the pulse was stronger than then rabbits’ even than the beings’, and the pulse shape was longer. The rate of th更多还原