【作者】 杨丽；

【导师】 贾黎明； 孙大立；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 森林培育， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 二色胡枝子属豆科落叶灌木,具有速生、高产、营养价值高、适用性强、抗性强、耐瘠薄的优点,是优质木本饲料树种。本论文针对前期种源试验中表现优秀的二色胡枝子种源,研究了适合其无性繁殖的育苗技术,并对生根机理进行了初步的探索,试图为二色胡枝子优良种源快速繁殖技术提供理论和技术支撑。研究成果如下: （1）嫩枝扦插是适合二色胡枝子无性繁殖技术的主要方式。在珍珠岩:蛭石:草炭土为1:1:1的混合基质是最适合二色胡枝子嫩枝扦插的基质;为了尽可能的提高成活率,在6月底或7月初选择当年生枝条的上部制穗,扦插成活率可达87%,高于枝条中部和下部;适宜嫩枝扦插的最佳处理组合是NAA100mg/L处理2小时;综合以上技术组合,扦插过程在自动间歇喷雾条件下,二色胡枝子嫩枝扦插成活率可达87%以上。 （2）二色胡枝子硬枝扦插较为困难,清水处理的插穗成活率为0,但通过一定的技术也可使成活率有显著提高。激素浓度对硬枝扦插成活率的影响显著,最好的处理组合为NAA 200mg/L,其成活率达到40%;不同激素处理对扦插苗速生期株高影响显著,年终NAA100mg/L处理的扦插苗高生长达199cm,较其他处理高出24%。 （3）二色胡枝子根插非常困难,虽然能够生根,根插穗的形态学上端能形成愈伤组织却不能分化形成苗木。 （4）嫩枝扦插生根过程中营养物质与生根率间存在明显的相关关系。插穗中可溶性糖含量、C/N值与生根率成正相关关系,相关系数均达到0.99以上,可以用插穗中的可溶性糖含量和C/N值作为插穗选择的依据。本试验得出的可溶性糖含量5.44%和C/N值2.57可作为插穗选择的参考。 扦插生根过程中枝条不同部位的可溶性糖含量和C/N值变化趋势基本相同。扦插初期,含量和C/N值缓慢增加,到10天左右达到峰值;之后,新生根增加,其可溶性糖含量和C/N值降低。而清水对照处理插穗中可溶性糖含量变化幅度明显要小于激素处理,达到峰值的时间要比处理晚10天。说明激素处理主要是促进了插穗内可溶性糖的转化,从而使插穗生根率提高。 （5）插穗内源激素的动态平衡调控着嫩枝扦插不定根发生过程。激素处理提高了插穗内源IAA、Z、GA₃含量,降低ABA含量。扦插初期,根原基形成分化时IAA/ZT与IAA/ABA较高;不定根形成后,芽形成生长时期IAA/ZT与IAA/ABA较低。 本次试验对几种扦插方式进行了研究,得出了能够应用于生产中的二色胡枝子嫩枝扦插技术,并对其生根机理进行了较为深入的探讨,有着明显的理论和实践意义。但对于硬枝扦插和根插技术的研究还需在激素配比、生根成苗机理方面进一步深入,使胡枝子的无性繁殖技术和理论体系更为系统,促进二色胡枝子优良种质资源的快速更多还原

【Abstract】 Lespedeza bicolor was perennial defoliation forage shrub species oflegume trees. They were recognized for their advantages of fast-growing, high-yield of forage, richer nutritive value, tolerance to drought and barren, etc. Lespedeza bicolor which behave excellent in provenances experiment in the past were used as material , the rapid propagation techniques were studied ,and the physiological mechanisms of rooting were explored, try to provide the theoretical and realistic basement on Lespedeza bicolor physiological mechanisms meaning.(l)The green wood cutting was one rapid propagation techniques suit to Lespedeza bicolor.n green wood cutting ,it was the best that the cutting were cultivated in pearlstone : vermiculite: turfy soil(l:l:l); In order to increase the cutting survival rate , the cuttings were made of the upper of the current-year-old softwood branches in the end of June or in the begin of July, and that survival rate was 87%,it was higher than the ones made of the middle of and the base of softwood branches; Treated by NAAlOOmg/L for 2 hours, the survival rate was the highest; The cutting period was cultured device of half sun illumination and mistspray. That was the beat green wood cutting techniques for Lespedeza bicolor and the survival rate was over 87%(2)Hard wood cutting for Lespedeza bicolor was more difficult, and the survival rate was 0 treated by water.Using the suit technology was increase the survival rate. It was significant differences in survival rate cutting treated by different hormone and concentration, the best survival rate was 40% when 200mg/L NAA was used to treat cutting. The height of cutting showed significant differences after the fast-growth period. And the end of heitht of cutting treated by NAA100mg/L was 199cm,and was 20% higher than other treatments.(3)The root cutting for Lespedeza bicolor was most difficult, the cutting root could root the callus of the base end of the root cutting could form, but the sprout of the baseend of the root cutting was difficult to form.(4)The significant relation was between the nutritive materials and survival rate. There are positive correlation between the sugar content, C/N value and the survival rate, the index were above 0.99; We could select the cuttings according to the sugar content(5.44%)and C/N value (2.57)During the cutting root period, the change of sugar content was the same to C/N value.In the begin of cutting period ,the sugar content and C/N value were slowly increase ,and to the peak point after the 10 days; later, new rooting increasing, the sugar content and C/N value were decrease. And the change of sugar content was more remarkable than the check treatment, their peak point was earlier than the check treatment. It was showed that the translation of sugar in cuttings could be promoted by the hormone treatment, moreover the cutting survival rate increased.(5)The dynamic balances of endogenous hormone regulate adventitious rooting of the green wood cutting. Plant growth regulator treat could increase the contents of IAA, GA3, ABA and ZT. During the rooting, plant growth regulator treat could increase the contents of IAA, ZT and GA3, but decrease the levels of ABA; During the period of root primodium initiation and duration of root primodium ,the IAA/ZT and IAA/ABA were higher , After adventitious root forming, IAA/ZT and IAA/ABA were lower.Several cutting methods were studied, the technology of green wood cutting for Lespedeza bicolor were obtained, and the physiological mechanisms of rooting were researched further. These had great theoretical and realistic meaning. But the proportion of hormone and the physiological mechanisms of rooting, forming sprout at hard wood cutting and root cutting should be researched in-depth, in order to establish the mature clonal propagation technologic system and theory and promote the rapid propagation of Lespedeza bicolor更多还原