【作者】 邓林；

【导师】 陈少良；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 植物学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 目前有关植物抗盐性多是以农作物和低等盐生植物为研究对象,对胡杨的报道,主要是盐胁迫下液泡膜微囊ATPase活性的变化。本实验以胡杨和盐敏感杨树为研究材料,利用具有组织特异性的叶片细胞来建立质膜和液泡膜ATPase活性与离子区隔化的关系体系。并结合抑制剂处理,探索胁迫信号物质对ATPase活性的影响,为深入研究胡杨的耐盐机制积累新的资料。一系列的研究结果归纳如下: 1.电镜细胞化学方法发现:高盐胁迫下,胡杨叶肉细胞质膜和液泡膜上H⁺-ATPase和Ca²⁺-ATPase活性显著高于对照,而I-214杨情况相反,说明盐胁迫能提高胡杨叶肉细胞质膜和液泡膜上ATPase的活性。 2.X-射线微区分析技术发现:盐胁迫22天,胡杨根和叶肉细胞细胞壁、细胞质和液泡中Na⁺、Cl^-浓度低于I-214杨;盐胁迫30天,细胞壁和细胞质中盐离子浓度仍然低于I-214杨,说明胡杨控制盐离子进入细胞的能力强。同时,胡杨液泡中Na⁺、Cl^-水平一直在增加,而I-214杨的Cl^-含量却减少了,这表明胡杨在高盐生境中也能将体内大部分盐离子隔离在液泡中,尤其是Cl^-,以降低细胞质中盐离子的浓度,减少离子毒害作用,具有离子区隔化效应。盐胁迫能提高胡杨细胞质膜和液泡膜上H⁺-ATPase的活性,因而能维持细胞的离子区隔化能力。 3.胁迫1-24小时,胡杨叶绿体ATPase活性明显高于对照,而群众杨变化不明显,说明短期盐处理显著提高胡杨的ATPase活性;胡杨在胁迫开始前8天,H⁺-ATPase和Ca²⁺-ATPase活性都高于对照,并在长期胁迫条件下,基本保持两种酶活性与对照近似。 4.抑制剂促进胡杨叶绿体的H⁺-ATPase活性;同时,也促进群众杨的Ca²⁺-ATPase活性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study we investigated the effects of NaCl on activity of various types of ATPase and the relevance to ion compartmentation and salt resistance in Populus euphratica, and compared with P. ’popularis 35-44’ （P. popularis） and P. x euramericana cv. I-214（P. cv. Italica）.The main results are summarized as follows:1. Cytochemical localization of ATPase activity showed that, P. euphratica was treated with NaCl for 30 days, the activities of H⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase in plasmolemma and tonoplast were both increased evidently, compared with P. cv. Italica. The above results indicate that NaCl has enhanced the activities of ATPase in plasmolemma and tonoplast of P. euphratica leaf.2. The results of X-ray microanalysis of root and leaf of the poplars revealed that vacuolar Na⁺ and Cl^- of P. euphratica increased coincident with increasing salinity, suggesting that P. euphratica was capable of accumulating salt ions into vacuoles at high salinity compared with P. cv. Italica, especially Cl". According to the Na⁺ and Cl^-concentrations in cell wall and cytosol were lower than that of P. cv. Italica, P. euphratica exhibited a greated capacity to restrict the influxes of salt ions in cell.3. The salt-shock added the activities of chloroplast ATPase in P. euphratica. But the salt-adaptation made the enzyme activities approximative to those of control.4. Inhibitor caused a significant increase in the H⁺-ATPase activities in P. euphratica and the Ca²⁺-ATPase activities in P. ’popularis 35-44’ among the treatments of control and salinity.更多还原