中国中小企业融资问题研究

【作者】 李杉杉；

【导师】 马秀岩；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 国民经济学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济全球化进程的加速,以及市场竞争的日趋激烈,中小企业问题已经成为世界性的长久课题。改革开放20多年来,我国中小企业发展迅猛,已成为国民经济的重要支撑力量之一。中小企业的活力不仅关系到整个经济竞争的活力,而且也关系到整个社会的繁荣和稳定。世界各国的经验表明,中小企业发展所面临的一大最普遍和最关键的制约因素就是融资问题。目前,融资渠道不畅仍是制约我国中小企业发展的最主要因素之一,也是最难于突破的“瓶颈”之一。在此背景下,研究和解决我国中小企业融资问题具有更加重要的现实意义。本文在论述了我国中小企业融资现状的基础上,分析了中小企业融资难的原因,并对国外中小企业融资支持体系进行了分析,最后提出了解决我国中小企业融资难问题的一些建议性的思路与对策。本论文由四部分组成。主要内容包括:第一部分讲述了两个内容:一是中小企业的划分标准及我国中小企业的作用,指出了中小企业在我国现代化社会生活和国民经济的发展中都具有十分重要的作用。二是中小企业融资渠道及我国中小企业的融资结构。第二部分阐述了我国中小企业融资的困境并分析了其产生的原因。首先,分析了我国中小企业权益融资的困境,指出我国中小企业在公开权益资本市场及非公开权益资本市场上都存在融资障碍,特别分析了我国风险投资发展缓慢的原因。其次,对中小企业的债务融资困境进行了分析,指出了对于我国中小企业贷款难问题,银行与企业自身双方面都有原因。第三部分对国外中小企业金融支持体系进行了系统的分析。介绍了部分国家和地区中小企业金融支持体系,如美国、日本、加拿大、台湾等,并指出了其对我国具有借鉴意义。第四部分阐述了解决中小企业融资难问题的对策与建议。关键是在企业与金融机构和政府之间形成正常的市场经济关系,建立健全面向中小企业的金融体系和社会信用体系,积极推动中小企业融资的渠道多元化、方式市场化和结构合理化。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the accelerating of economic globalization process and hotter and hotter the market competition is becoming, Small and Medium-sized Enterprise(SME) has already become the world subject for a long time. The SMEs have made a rapid development in China over the past twenty years after Reform and Opening-up. SMEs have already become one of the important support strengths of the national economy. The vigor of SMEs concerns not only the vigor of the whole economic competition, but also the prosperity and stability of the whole society. Experiences of the countries all over the world indicate that one of the most general and most key restriction factors that SMEs face is the financing problem. At present, the problem of financing channel is still a main factor restricting the development of SMEs in China. And this is also one of those "bottlenecks" that are most hard to break through. In this situation, it is meaningful to study the SMEs’ financing problem in China. After the general description of the current financing situation of SMEs in China, this thesis analyzes the causes for the difficulty of SMEs’ financing, and then introduces some support systems for SMEs’ financing in foreign countries, and finally puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to solve the financing problem of SMEs in China.This thesis consists of four parts.The first part includes two contents. One is the division standard of SMEs and the function of SMEs in China. It points out that SMEs play a very important role in our country. The other content is SMEs’ financing channels and the financing structure of SMEs in China.The second part analyzes the predicament of SMEs’ financing in China and also points out the causes. Firstly, it analyzes the direct financing predicament of SMEs, pointing out that financing obstacles exist both on the public capital market and the private capital market in China. Particularly, it analyzes the development obstaclesof Venture Capital in our country. Secondly, it analyzes the in-direct financing predicament of SMEs in China, pointing out that both sides of the bank and the enterprise have responsibility for the loaning problem of SMEs.The third part is the study of the financial supports for SMEs in foreign countries. It introduces the financial support systems of some foreign countries, e.g. U.S.A., Japan, Canada and Taiwan. It also points out that it is meaningful for our country to lake them as reference.The fourth part puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to solve the financing problem of SMEs in China. The key point is to form the normal relationship of market economy among enterprises, financial institutions and the government. It is necessary to set up and promote the financial system and social credit system, and promote the channel pluralism, way marketization and structure rationalization of SMEs’ financing.更多还原