中国环境保护立法研究

【作者】 丁庶君；

【导师】 王岩；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 经济法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪五六十年代严重的环境污染和破坏问题出现以后,引起了人们对环境问题的警觉,许多严重的环境问题得到了一定程度的治理,并取得了一定的成效,但是仍然需要我们看到环境问题的严重性。在当代,环境保护在国际经济交往中的分量正在加重,环境保护越来越成为与国际贸易、信贷、经济援助等项活动密切相关的一项具有举足轻重影响的制约因素。经过近30年的发展,环境保护已真正成为人类的共识,成为国际社会普遍关注的一个热点。环境保护是一项社会性强、科学技术性强、涉及范围广泛的工作,它需要多个领域、多种手段和多种措施的协同配合。过去在总结西方发达国家环境保护的成功经验时,人们将其归纳为“法律+科学”。今天,我们更为深刻地认识到,法律和科学都必须建立在可持续发展观念的基础上,在人的深层意识上调整人与自然、人与人之间的关系,承认人类是自然界的普通成员,承认自然界变化发展的客观规律,承认生态环境和自然资源是当代人和后代人的共同财富,承认人类在环境问题上的权利与义务的统一。从而建立起一种既符合人类持续发展的主观需要,又符合生态环境自然客观规律要求的、现代化的、人与自然的新型关系--平等、和谐、协调、统一、相互尊重。在不断加剧的全球环境问题面前,进一步修改和完善中国的环境立法、比较与借鉴发达国家在发展经济过程中环境立法实践的成功经验也是我们当前亟待研究的课题。本文力求通过以下三个部分对我国环境保护立法的现状和基本制度的调整进行思考,旨在阐明现阶段我国环境立法的现状,分析环境立法存在的问题,为环境法制建设提出本人的一些想法,并且也希望借此机会使生态环境意识更加深入人心,提高大家对环境法律制度建设的重视程度。第一部分:环境法学的一般理论分析,在这一部分全面系统的介绍了环境法的概念及其分类,环境法产生的历史背景以及我国环境法的产生与发展。第二部分:我国环境保护法律制度存在的问题,这部分主要是从我国现有的环境立法在指导思想、法律制度、立法体系、执法、司法等方面存在的问题更多还原

【Abstract】 After the serious environmental pollution and destruction problem appeared in fifty or sixty times of the 20th century, more and more people ware about to the environmental question. A lot of serious environmental problems have got the administration and have made the effect of a certain degree. But we still need to pay more attention to the importance of the severity of the environmental problem. Nowadays, environmental protection in the international economic association is becoming more and more important, the same is to international trade, credit, economic aid, etc. After nearly 30 years of development, environmental protection has already got the common understanding. Environmental protection is a complicated work witch involve more social cooperation , more science and technology support and so on. In the past, when we summarizing the developed country’s successful experience of environmental protection, we got the answer is "law and science". Now, we noticed that sustainable development idea is the basis of law and science.Facing with the constantly aggravating global environmental problem, the subject for us to study is how to develop the environment law’s modification and Perfection. At the same time, compare and reference other countries successful experience is also an important task. This article is mainly about my thinking of the current situation and basic system of our country’s environment law. The main idea is to expound our country’s current environment legislation, analyze the existing problem, and give some personal advice. On the other hand, this is a good chance for us to emphasize the importance of the environment legalization. The article involves three parts, details as follows:Part one: General theory analysis of environmental law. In this part, I introduced the concept and the classification of environmental law; the historicalbackground of environmental law, then our country’s development history in this field.Part two: Legal system existing problems of our country’s environmental protection. In this part, I am mainly talk about the problem and shortness in guidelines, legal system , legislative system , enforce the law , administration of justice, etc.Part three: The proposal of the environmental protection legal system’s legislation perfecting. This part is the article’s most important part. It is mainly about how to solve the problem. Here I put forward the idea that regarding sustainable development strategy as the guidelines and use a lot of word to introduce what is the sustainable development strategy to help us systematicly understand this concept. Then give the advice that our legal construction should fit for the sustainable development strategy. Of course, here is also some advice and imagination for legislative system, legal system, strengthening supervision and education.更多还原