【作者】 郭利伟；

【导师】 邵惠丽；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 材料物理与化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 Lyocell纤维是二十世纪九十年代开发出来的一种新型的纤维素纤维,其原料资源丰富、生产工艺简单先进,对环境污染小,符合环保和可持续性发展要求。因此,Lyocell纤维有望替代生产工艺严重污染环境的粘胶纤维。Lyocell纤维具有手感好、很好的强度及吸湿透气等诸多优良的性能,可广泛应用于服装领域。同时,Lyocell纤维具有截面圆、结构均匀、强度高等一些特点,可望作为优质原丝制得纤维素基碳纤维。 迄今为止,国内外对Lyocell纤维的改性研究不是很多,而采用炭黑添加剂对Lyocell纤维的改性研究报道则更少。为此,本论文将采用炭黑添加剂对Lyocell纤维进行改性研究,探讨炭黑添加剂对Lyocell纺丝原液流变性能、可纺性及纤维结构与性能的影响,并对炭黑改性Lyocell纤维在碳纤维原丝领域的应用性也进行了初步的探讨。 本论文首先研究了炭黑添加剂对纤维素/NMMO·H₂O溶液流变性能的影响。研究结果表明:添加了炭黑的纤维素/NMMO·H₂O溶液仍属于典型的切力变稀流体;添加少量纳米炭黑（1%）后使纤维素/NMMO·H₂O溶液的粘度下降,非牛顿指数和粘流活化能增大,溶液的结构粘度指数减小,溶液可纺性增加;但随着纳米炭黑含量的更多还原

【Abstract】 Lyocelll fiber is a new kind of regenerated cellulose fiber invented in the 1990s. It is expected to replace the rayon fiber in the future production of manmade cellulose fiber because Lyocell process is simple, advanced and environmentally friendly. Lyocell fiber has lots of excellent properties such as high strength, good hand-feeling and water-absorbing property, and so on. Therefore, it is widely used in the dress field. In addition, Lyocell fiber can be used as the precursor to produce cellulose-based carbon fiber since it has round cross-section, compact structure and high strength.To this day, few works have been reported on the investigation of modification of Lyocell fiber, and there is less research on Lyocell fiber modified with carbon black. In this paper, carbon black was added to Lyocell fiber and the effect of carbon black on the rheological behavior of cellulose/NMMO solution, the structure and properties of Lyocell fiberwas investigated. In addition, the application of Lyocell fiber modified with carbon black used as the precursor of carbon fiber was also studied.The paper studied the effect of carbon black on the rheological properties of the cellulose/NMMO solution at first. The results showed that the cellulose/NMMO solution with carbon black addition was a typical shear thinning solution. With the addition of small amount of carbon black (1%), the viscosity of the system decreased obviously, the non-newtonian index and the viscous activation energy increased. In addition, the structural viscosity index declined and the spinnability of solution improved. Then with the further increase of the carbon black, the viscosity of the solution increased gradually, the non-newtonian index and the viscous activation energy decreased.The study on the structure and properties of the carbon black filled Lyocell fiber showed that the tensile strength and initial modulus of carbon black filled Lyocell fiber decreased slightly while the elongation at break increased. With the same content of the carbon black, the smaller size the carbon black had, the less the mechanical properties of carbon black filled Lyocell fiber decreased. The experimental results showed carbon black filled Lyocell fiber still had the cellulose II crystal structure and remained the characteristic peak of carbon black at the same time. Compared to Lyocell fiber without carbon black, Lyocell fiber filled with nano-carbon black had the same round cross-section and more compactstructure. Moreover, the nano-carbon black addition could increase the carbon yield of Lyocell-based carbon fiber. Therefore, the nano-carbon black filled Lyocell fiber could be used as an excellent precursor.In addition, this study showed the characteristic diffraction peak of carbon black had been reserved in the nano-carbon black filled Lyocell fibers pre-oxided under different temperature and resulted carbon fiber. In the range of our experiments, the mechanical properties of carbon fiber filled with 5% nano-carbon black increased obviously. And the higher content of carbon black was filled, the better mechanical properties of resulted carbon fiber had.更多还原