【作者】 王兴雪；

【导师】 陈彦模；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 材料加工， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业的发展和人们生活水平的提高,抗菌功能化改性纤维及其织物的需求更为迫切。由于聚丙烯纤维原料丰富、生产成本较低,易于成型加工,具有优良的物理机械性能,特别是细旦纤维具有良好的导湿透气性、保暖性和卫生性能,因此在医疗卫生、服装、及非织造布领域有广泛的应用前景。 本文选择性能优良的超细无机抗菌粉体作为新型功能添加剂,通过偶联剂表面修饰,并对改性效果进行比较和表征。运用双螺杆共混技术制备了PP/超细无机抗菌粉体复合物和通过纺丝成形制备了复合功能纤维,系统地研究了无机抗菌粉体在分散介质环己烷以及聚丙烯基体中分散性,进而进一步研究了无机抗菌粉体与聚丙烯共混后所得的共混体系的热性能、结晶性、可纺性等基本性能及纤维的抗菌性,主要研究结果如下: 所选用的不同种类的不同处理量的偶联剂对无机抗菌粉体的表面改性均有一定效果。实验结果表明,在所选用的不同用量不同种类偶联剂中,3#偶联剂5%的处理量的处理效果最佳。但是PP/改性无机抗菌粉体的纺丝情况有待进一步研究。 采用双螺杆熔融纺丝机纺制抗菌聚丙烯纤维,并研究了纺丝成型规律及纤维的机械性能。发现选用改性聚丙烯且添加0.8%1#无机抗菌粉体的聚丙烯共混物,可纺性比较理想,成品的纤维单丝纤度小于1.2dtex。且牵伸纤维产品的断裂强度大于4.0cN/dtex。 无机抗菌粉体的加入对聚丙烯大分子的取向结构影响不大,通过提高纤维的拉伸倍数,可以达到纯PP所能达到的取向度。对PP/无机抗菌粉体共混体系的结晶行为的研究发现。无机抗菌粉体的加入并不改变体系的结晶形态,但是对体系的结晶机理和生长方式有所影响。 对纺制成的功能纤维抗菌性能进行了测试,抗菌聚丙烯纤维对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄菌、白色念珠菌及黑曲菌均有抗菌敏感性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Together with the development of industry and the promotion of people’s living level, the demands for fiber and fabric products with good antibacterial property are increasing. Polypropylene(PP) is one of the most important thermoplastic polymers because of its low cost, large source, good processibility,good mechanical properties.Especially fine Polypropylene fibers have good moisture permeability, good air permeability, and good resistant to fungi and bacteria. Therefore, it has widely application future in medical filed, cloth field and nonwoven field.In this paper, inorganic antibacterial powder was chosen as new type functional additive. Then surface modification technique with coupling agents was adopted to tailor the surface properties of inorganic antibacterial powders. Furthermore, the modification effect was characterized and analyzed. Cyclohexane was used as dispensing medium to study and simulate the surface properties and dispensability of inorganic antibacterial powder in PP matrix. PP/inorganic antibacterial powder compounds were extruded with twin screw and functional fibers were produced by melt spinning.The dispersivity of powder, some other basic properties and functional properties of composite fibers were investigated systematically. Then, some exciting results were found as follow:Inorganic antibacterial powder, modified with different coupling agents, showed different effects on its dispersion. Comparied these modified inorganic powders, the one treated with 3# agent in 5 wt% amount showed the best dispensability in PP matrix. But the spinning property of this compound still needs to be further studied in detial.By using twin-extruder spinning machine, antibacterial fibers were prepared. The spinniability of PP blending systems and the mechanical properties of PP blending fibers were studied. Results indicated that the PP blending system of modified PP with 0.8% No.l inorganic antibacterial powder owns good spinning properties. The filament size of compound fiber is less than 1.2dtex, and the ultimate tensile strength is more than 4.0 cN/dtex.The inorganic antibacterial powders slightly affect the orientation of PP macromolecular in fibers. By increasing the multiple of drawing, the orientation degree of blended fibers tend to be equal to the pure PP fibers. Then the crystalline ability of the compound were studied, the powder has no effect to the crystal form, but the mode of growth.Testing the antibacterial property of the blending fibers, we found that antibacterial PP fibers are sensitive to coliform, staphylococcus auteus, aspergillusniger, especially to coliform . The antibacterial rate reachs 97.8% at 0 hour and 100% at 24 hours to coliform. Antibacterial PP fibers were washed twenty times, the Antibacterial rate of washed fibers reachs 97.9% at 24 hours to coliform.更多还原