【作者】 朱正齐；

【导师】 姜佩华； 陈季华；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 水资源的污染和短缺使得废水的深度处理及回用已是一个必然的趋势。曝气生物滤池工艺作为生物接触氧化工艺与给水过滤工艺有机结合的一项新的污水深度处理技术,近十几年来发展迅速,将成为人们控制水污染和解决污水回用问题的主要手段之一。 本试验采用以陶粒—活性炭为填料所组成的两段式曝气生物滤池对经过二级生物处理后的C/N比和B/C比严重失调的低浓度染料废水进行深度处理,并结合有关文献资料,取得结果如下: 1、UBAF接种挂膜试验表明:HRT为1h、气水比为3:1、水温保持在15℃左右,经过4周生物膜即可成熟,COD_cr去除率达到30%以上。 2、UBAF工艺优化试验研究表明:气水比、水力负荷等是影响污染物去除效率的重要因素。当气水比为2:1、水力负荷在0.39m³/（m²·h）左右、HRT为1h、平均温度在24℃左右、pH控制在6.5～7.5之间,UBAF对污染物的去除效率达到最佳。NH₃-N、COD_Cr、SS的平均去除率分别达到78.6%、50.08%和81.79%,出水浓度分别低于5mg/L、50mg/L和10mg/L,满足生活杂用水回用水质标准。 3、UBAF对各污染物的去除沿滤层高度呈现出不同的特点:有机物COD_Cr的去除,主要发生在滤层的前半部分（即距进水端60cm段）,和COD_Cr沿程去除情况稍有不同,NH₃-N的去除主要在生物滤池距进水端20cm～60cm段。 4、低气水比下,对UBAF的脱氮试验研究表明:进水气水比为0.3:1,在滤速为0.7m/h,水温为20.2～23℃,pH值在7～7.5之间,COD_Cr平均69.10mg/L,总氮平均为27.93mg/L的条件下,UBAF对氨氮的平均去除率达到55.84%,总氮的平均去除率为47.20%。 5、反冲洗试验研究表明:滤池的运行周期为6～7d。采用气水联合反冲洗,气冲时反冲气强度1O～12L/s·m²;气水混冲时气强度7～8L/s·m²,水强度3～4L/s·m²;最后反冲水强度5～6L/s·m²。反冲洗时间定为气冲5～6min、气水混冲6min、最后水冲6～8min时。在该参数下UBAF具有良好反冲效果,同时还可以最大限度的节省能耗。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pollution and shortage of the water resource makes the necessary of the advanced treatment and the reuse of the wastewater. Biological Aerated Filter (BAF) process, a new technology that combines Biological Contact Oxidation and supply filtration, will be one of the important methods to solve above problems.In this paper, low concentration dyestuff wastewater was advanced treated by two-stage UBAF which is filled with ceramic granule and active carbon. The main obtained results are as follows:1. It is demonstrated by the experiment of inoculation and cultivating biofiim on packings that it takes four weeks to succeed in cultivating biofiim on packings and the removal ratios of NH3-N gets to 30% , when gas-water ratio is no less than 3:1, HRT is1h, water temperature is above 15℃.2. It is demonstrated that gas-water ratio, hydraulic loading, HRT etc are important factors to influence the removal effect of pollutants. With gas-water ratio about 2:1, hydraulic loading about 0.39m3/m2-h, HRT about lh, average water temperature about 24℃, pH ranging 6.5-7.5, the removal effect of pollutants is very good: the removal ratios of NH3-N, COD_cr and SS reached 78.6%, 50.08% and 81.79% respectively, and the effluent value of NH3-N, COD_cr and SS below 5mg/L, 50mg/L, 10mg/L respectively, which satisfying the water quality criteria for resue.3. Alongside the depth of filter bed, the removal characteristics of pollutants differ each other: the main region of COD_cr removal is the first half of the filter bed(distance from water inlet to 60cm) ; Slightly differing from CODcr removal, the main region of NH3-N removal is 25cm to 50cm.4. Under the condition of low gas-water ratio, the experiment of denitrification ability of UBAF shows that: With gas-water ratio about 0.3:1, filtration velocity about 0.7m/h, average water temperature about 21.5℃, pH ranging 6.5~7.5, the inflow COD_cr about 69.10mg/L, the removal ratios of NH3-N, and TN reached 55.84% and 47.20% respectively.5. Performance cycle of UBAF ranges from 6d to 7d. The backwashing way is gas combined with water. Under the condition that backwashing intensity of gas is10~ 12 L/s m~2, mixing backwashing: gas intensity is 7~8 L/s m~2 and water intensity is 3 ~4 L/s m~2, backwashing intensity of water is 5~6 L/s-m2; backwashing time: gas backwashing is 5~6 min, mixing backwashing is 6 min, and gas backwashing is 6~8 min, UBAF has a good effect of backwashing.更多还原