【作者】 资雪琴；

【导师】 刘刚；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风与空调工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们对化学纤维的性能和品质要求提高以及对化学纤维需求量增大,纺丝设备向高速、多孔、短程、高效方向发展,故对冷却吹风装置提出新的工艺要求。中心吹风装置因其优异的冷却性能、宽幅的品种范围和工艺调节能力、合理的纺丝位置、小位距和紧凑的纺丝生产线,成为大容量短纤维设备的首选装置。 本文主要研究冷却中心吹风装置的上风室,包括两方面内容:①整流材料的选择:②气室形状的设计。整流材料直接影响上风室吹风气流的流态以及装置的阻力,气室形状决定冷却区气流的轴向速度分布及装置的阻力。 首先,通过对4种类型6种材料试验比较,最后确定以烧结金属多孔材料制作整流筒。烧结金属筒实测结果显示,吹风径向不匀率小于10%,且气流稳定。此外,由理论分析知道,烧结金属多孔材料能使流过的流体随着雷诺数的变化,从层流状态逐渐地过渡到湍流状态。因此,以多孔介质理论来确定Reynolds数,并通过其反映冷却气流的层流状态,来计算烧结金属多孔材料的孔隙率及烧结球的直径。 然后,针对上风室轴向整流,本文提出了3种方案,分别进行实测分析,最终选择多孔板圆锥筒,调节吹风的轴向速度分布。实测分析表明,多孔板圆锥筒轴向不匀率可通过改变锥筒锥角来调节。针对三种工艺要求的速度分布,运用能量守恒定律和质量连续性方程建立上风室数学模型,应用Matlab工具计算得出圆锥筒直径,最终得到三种冷却吹风形式的上风室的结构。 最后,通过试验验证模型的可靠性。实验室实测结果显示,上风室径向不匀率最大为△u=2.09%、恒速分布轴向不匀率为△u=3.13%、△P=1581Pa。可见,上风室模型不匀率小于10%,上风室阻力低于1600Pa,装置是可靠的。生产现场实测结果,△u=9.34%、轴向不匀率为△u9.97%、△P=1381Pa,进一步表明,气室结构的合理性。 本文的研究工作,对冷却装置的改造,熔融纺丝工业技术的发展具有一定指导作用,同时,对化纤品质和性能的提高,新工艺制定和新产品的推广与应用具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increase of performance, quality and demands of the chemical fibers, spinning equipment is developing for high-speed, poly-cell, short-distance, high-efficiency. So the new technological requirements for cooling device are put forward. Because the central cooling apparatus has excellent cooling performance, fine fiber quality, jumbo variety range and technology regulation ability, rational spinning position, small location distance and compact spinning production line, it would be the first-selected device.An experimental investigation of the blowing chamber of cooling device is presented in this paper.lt includes the choose of the kind of the rectifying material, which influences the flowing states of cooling air and the value of friction factor; and design of the blowing chamber, which determines the axial speed distribution in the cooling area and the value of resistance coefficient.Firstly, the sintered metal porous material is determined be used for rectifying tube after the experiment comparison of 4 types and 6 kinds of porous materials. The experiment result of the sintered metal tube shows that the uneven rate of axial blowing is lower than 10%, and the flow is steady. Further more, from the theory analysis, it can be concluded that air in the sintered metal porous material can be transited from the laminar flow to the turbulence gradually with the change of Reynolds number. So Reynolds number is determined by the theory of porous medium, which can reflect the laminar state of the cooling air . Then the hole rate of the sintered metal porous material and the diameter of the sintered ball can be calculated.Secondly, 3 schemes for the axial rectifying of the blowing chamber are put forward in this paper. After analyzing separately, the interior cone made of porous board is chosen, which can adjust the axial velocity distribution of blowing. The result of the experiment analysis shows that axial uneven rate of the porous board cone can be adjusted by changing the top of the cone. According to the velocity distributions of the 3 schemes, the model of the blowing chamber can be set up by conservation energy law and mass continuity law, then Matlab is used to calculate the diameter of the cone, and finally 3 kinds of the blowing chamber constructions are attained.After all, the performance of new blowing chamber is verified by comparison of experiment, In the lab, the result shows that the axial uneven rate of the. blowingchamber is lower than 2.09% and the axial uneven rate of the velocity distribution is 3.13% and the resistivity is 1581Pa. It is to say that the uneven rate of cooling wind velocity is smaller than 10%, the resistivity is lower than 1600Pa and the models are reliable. While at the factory, the axial uneven rate of the blowing chamber is 9.34%, the axial uneven rate of the velocity distribution is 9.97% and the resistivity is 1381Pa. Which can prove the rationality of the models further more.In general, this work presents the instruction to the transformation of the device and the development of the industrial technology of melting spinning. And it also enhances the significance of the performance, new technology and the application.更多还原