【作者】 葛世超；

【导师】 岳建平；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在研究以往形体测量系统的基础上,充分利用全站仪免棱镜测距的新功能,开发出适用于大型建(构)筑物的形体测量系统。分析和结合了国内外测量系统的研究与发展现状,针对大型建(构)筑物形体测量的特点,设计出形体测量的数据分析系统。对免棱镜测距精度影响因素、形体测量数据管理、数据可视化分析及三维图形的显示等进行了广泛的研究。本文的主要研究内容如下: 1、就目前新兴的免棱镜测距技术,对免棱镜测距的精度进行了理论分析,并对影响误差的环境因素进行了分析,并设计了专门的试验,进行了全面的分析研究。 2、针对目前我国相应的检定规程中对免棱镜测距没有规定相应的检定方法,检定单位还按照现有的检定规程进行检定,存在仪器检定空白的现状,进行免棱镜测距性能的测试,可以为制定检定规程提供参考。同时详细分析试验数据,实际掌握免棱镜测距性能,得出测距精度和影响测距精度的因素,指导工程实际应用。 3、研究了形体测量系统的系统结构与组成,分析了作业流程中需要解决的系统定向和坐标转换等关键问题。针对大型建(构)筑物形体测量时实际特点,研究了定向解算统一平差方法,该法可以解决人为因素在定向时的影响,较以往的方法有明显的优点。 4、从大型建(构)筑物形体测量的实际出发,分析和设计了“形体测量数据处理系统”的体系结构。该软件系统能提供丰富的数据分析功能,采用面向对象的程序开发技术,使形体测量的数据处理、数据管理和信息处理分析实现了自动化和可视化。 5、在数据可视化分析处理中,采用Delphi提供的可视化组件和OpenGL强大的绘图技术,开发出功能较全面的数据处理系统,实现了三维图形的显示,并可以进行纹理的处理,使得三维图形更为形象逼真。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the body surveying systems which had been made, the body surveying system for huge building is exploited with the new function of total station in reflectorless. The study and development of body surveying system in inner and outer country is analyzed and absorbed, the data analyzing system in the body surveying has been designed with the characteristics of body surveying in huge building, besides ,the influence factors to the precision of reflectorless, the management of body data , data visualization and the display of three-dimension figure are studied deeply. The main contents of the paper are following:1 .According to the new reflectorless technology of total station, the precision of reflectorless is analyzed in theory, the environment factors to produce errors are studied, and the special test is designed, so an all-around analysis is done.2.Today, the corresponding checking methods have not been regulated in measure unit checking regulation in our country, the checking department carry out checking with existing checking regulation, so the apparatus checking has not been carried out .the capability of reflectorless is tested, which can offer the reference to setting down the checking regulation. At the same time, analyzing the test data carefully, holding the capability of reflectorless practically, and analyzing the precision and influence factors are necessary to guide the practice application with conclusions gained.3.The system configuration and constitution of body surveying system is studied. The key problems of system direction and coordinate conversion which should be resolved in the work flow are analyzed. According to the practice characteristics of body surveying in huge building, directional calculating the unite adjustment ways are put forward, which can work out the influence of direction again with artificial factors, and have more advantages than former ways.4.According to the body surveying in large construction, the body configuration of the "data processing system in body surveying system" is analyzed and designed. The abundant data analyzing functions are offered. Object oriented procedure exploiting technology makes the data processing of body surveying, data management and message analyzing realized the automatization and visualization.5.In the data visualization, using the visualization modules and strong plotting technology which OpenGL has , the all-around data processing system is exploited , the display of three-dimension figures comes true, and the three-dimension figures become more verisimilitude because of the texture processing.更多还原