【作者】 陶玉晶；

【导师】 张强；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 “认知调节训练理论”是在现代认知心理学与运动训练学不断发展而产生的一种最新的研究成果,是在认知心理学理论指导下,结合运动训练学与运动心理学的相关理论而形成的一种全新的训练方法。它注重对运动员内部心理过程的控制与调节,是一种系统的、深入的心理训练方法。 “认知调节训练理论”的实施结构科学合理,从训练前的理论灌输到训练过程中的心理指导、心理咨询、心理控制、心理训练,到训练结束后的心理反馈调节与迁移,“认知调节训练理论”与整个运动队训练过程紧密相关,对训练过程中焦虑的控制克服呈现系统化的特点。已有的研究表明,这套训练理论与方法在部分体育项目中(例如:射击、足球)的应用取得了非常好的成果,但在短道速度滑冰中还没有得到研究。 本研究的主要目标是力图以焦虑情绪的控制与克服为切入点,培养短道运动员的认知调节能力。认知调节能力的提高又反作用于焦虑情绪的克服与控制。从而为短道速度滑冰训练中的心理训练引入一个崭新的理论与方法。通过严格的实验对比,比较引入“认知调节训练理论”与传统的训练方法在克服短道速滑运动员比赛焦虑情绪的效果方面的差异,以及造成这些差异的原因。主要的研究方法有文献资料法、问卷调查法、实验对比法、数理统计法、对比分析法等。实验以吉林省体校、吉林省冰上运动管理中心短道速滑队两个队的 30 名队员为研究对象,实验前对实验对象进行心理状态指标的测定,并按照统计学的要求将实验对象分为对照组和实验组。对照组按常规训练模式进行不施加认知调节训练的因素;实验组训练采用“认知调节训练理论”进行训练。实验严格根据控制因素的均衡可比性原则和组间双盲性原则进行。实验后,再对实验对象进行心理和生理指标的测定,并对运动员的比赛成绩、比赛时的技术动作、比赛过程的心理表现进行对比分析。 实验对比结果表明:短道速度滑冰训练比赛过程中运动员的焦虑情绪普遍存在。“认知调节训练理论”应用于克服和控制短道速度滑冰运动员在训练比赛中的焦虑情绪是完全可行的,它比常规的训练能够更有效地克服和控制运动员的焦虑水平,提高训练的效果与比赛成绩。 论文共分五个部分:第一部分前言论诉了本文的理论与实践意义;第二部分相关理论综述论述了与认知调节理论相关的一些理论的起源、发展状况及基本观点;第三部分研究方法;第四部分结果与分析,第五部分结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The concept of cognizing and adjusting trainings, which is a new research based on modern psychology and physical trainings. According to the theory on psychology studies it has become a new way on training player integrated by the study of physical training and athletical psychology. It pays attention to control and adjust player’s internal mentality. It is a systemic and deep method on player’s mental trainings. This concept implements scientifically from the ex-training theory inbreathed to the psychological guidance psychological consultation psychological control and psychological training during the training to the feedback measured and transferred. The advantages of concept is connecting with the training in the whole athletical team closely, controlling and overcoming the anxiety systemically on trainings. Through the research this concept on training has achieved wonderful effects in some of sports (e.g. shooting and soccer) but it hasn’t achieved anything on short-track-speed skating. Our main purpose is to control and overcome the anxiety as the key points to foster the cognizing and adjusting ability by players. The improvement can reduce anxiety that it is as an absolutely new method which helps to train skating players on their psychological trainings. According to the experiment it is comparing the psychological difference between the short-track-speed skating players who has taken cognizing and adjusting training method and who still using the traditional training method on match time and reasons. The main research method includes data method, questionnaire experiment comparing method, statistical method, and analysing method, etc. The experiment takes 30players two short-track-speed skating players as the sample .We determine the player’s index of mentality and sort players into comparing team and experimental team with statistical requirements before the experiment. The comparing team takes traditional trainings method result cognizing and adjusting factor, but on the other hand, the experimental team takes the concept of cognizing and adjusting trainings. The experiment based on the principle of comparing and tow-blind. We determine the players index of psychological state analyse players results technique and psychological behave on matches According to the experiment it is very common that the short-track-speed skating players have anxiety problems during the match. The concept of cognizing and adjusting training is absolutely suitable to overcome and control the anxiety on short-track-speed skating players. It is more effective than traditional training on overcoming and controlling students’ anxiety and, to improve training effects and match results. The assignment includes 5 parts. The first part is academic concept and practical purpose. The second one mentions the concept of cognizing and adjusting trainings and its origin history and basic methods. The third is the research methods. The forth is analyse and results. The fifth is the conclusion.更多还原