【作者】 胡建忠；

【导师】 贾振元；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 国内广泛使用摇摆式凸轮轴靠模磨床加工凸轮轴工件,其采用的靠模仿形加工方法存在加工精度低、靠模加工困难、工序复杂等缺点。为了提高产品的竞争力,满足新产品发展的要求,提出了对摇摆式凸轮轴磨床进行数控化改造的技术方案,并进行了凸轮轴数控磨削加工系统及仿真系统的研制。通过研究凸轮轴廓形型线磨削的包络加工原理,建立了凸轮轴数控磨削两轴联动几何关系数学模型和以凸轮矢角θ为参变量的变转速数学模型。分析了砂轮半径R偏差、主轴旋转控制角φ偏差及摇架摆杆控制角ψ偏差对凸轮轴制造误差的影响。解决了工件变转速控制,砂轮半径磨损补偿,多约束凸轮型线插补算法,Windows操作系统平台下硬件实时钟中断的实现,数字伺服的位置控制及相关电路的实现等关键性问题。凸轮轴数据库的开发和建立,解决了凸轮轴廓形结构特征数据管理繁琐且容易出错的问题。通过仿真试验以及仿真结果的分析,确定了实施数控系统改造的关键数据。运用凸轮插补计算与伺服控制相分离、双缓冲区前后台实时通讯的技术,虚拟设备驱动程序(VxD)技术,进行了凸轮轴数控磨削系统的软硬件结构开发,实现了凸轮轴磨削的数字化控制。 最后通过两轴控制驱动实验表明,凸轮轴数控化磨削改造方案正确可行,系统运行正常,实时钟中断能够满足插补、位置控制的实时性要求,工作状况良好,适于进行摇摆式凸轮轴靠模磨床的数控化改造。更多还原

【Abstract】 Swing-beam camshafts grinding is generally used for camshaft manufacturing and the method of profile modeling has been proved to be weak in manufacturing in many aspects such as low-precision, difficulty in profile modeling manufacturing and complex procedure, etc. In order to improve the competitive ability and meet the new requirements of the product, an improved new scheme for NC grinder for cam-shaft processing is proposed, the research of the camshafts grinding system of NC grinder, therefore, has been carried out and a simulation system has also been accomplished. This thesis describes the research and development work of this system, categorized as follows: (1) geometric and kinematical modeling as well as simulation of the 2-axis grinder are implemented, providing necessary data for the development of the system; (2) based on the envelope theory of the cam profile, speed variation control, compensation of grinding wheel, and multi-constrained interpolation algorithm are proposed; (3) a number of factors influencing the cam-shaft precision are analyzed, including deviation of the controlling angles of the spindle and that of the rock-arm; (4) circuits for servo-control and position-control are implemented, with real-time hard ware interrupt in the Windows environment; (5) to administrate the data of the cam-shaft profile features effectively, database is accomplished; (6) numeric control of the cam-shaft grinder is implemented by using cam interpolation computation, phase separated servo-control, front-and-back stage real-time communication, and virtual device driving technique.Control and driving experiment demonstrates the validity and reliability of cam-shaft grinder system designed. It is feasible for the modernization of this kind of machine.更多还原