供电企业安全生产危险识别研究

【作者】 徐立新；

【导师】 李新然；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 企业管理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 供电企业的安全问题是关系国计民生的重要问题,如何及时准确地发现安全隐患,尽早采取措施避免隐患转化为事故,这是国内外电力专家、学者以及企业管理者一直着重研究探讨的课题。安全系统工程运用系统分析理论解决安全问题,提供了较完整的定性的、定量的危险识别方法,通过科学的预先分析,找出系统中存在的薄弱环节和主要不安全隐患,较好地解决了供电企业事故隐患的辨识和安全防范问题。 系统危险识别分为定性识别和定量识别。基本的和常用的方法包括安全检查表、危险性预先分析、事件树分析和事故树分析。事故树分析既适用于定性分析,又能进行定量分析,简明、形象、准确、实用,是一种国内外公认的分析方法。文章对此方法做了重点介绍。 电力体制改革,厂网分开,使供电企业面临着新的安全问题。通过对供电企业发生的事故的统计分析,将事故划分为人身、电网、设备三大类型,采用危险识别的方法对其进行辨识和评价。以高空坠落人身伤害事故和变压器设备事故为实例,采用事故树分析对其进行定性分析,查找了不安全隐患,通过进一步的定量分析,分析了各种基本事件(隐患)对发生顶事件(事故)的影响大小,从而找出了发生事故的主、次原因,为采取相应防范措施提供了科学的依据。系统危险识别超前地、有预见性地对危险进行了诊断,较准确地评价出危险的存在程度,科学地预防事故,保证了电网安全可靠运行。更多还原

【Abstract】 The security question of the power supply enterprise is an important problem, It is concerning the national economy and the people’s livelihood, how find potential safety hazard , take measures as soon as possible accurate in time to prevent hidden danger from turn into the accident, it is electric experts at home and abroad , scholar and enterprise’s administrator that have been studying the subject probed into emphatically all the time . The safe system engineering uses the network analysis theory to solve the safe problem, has offered more intact qualitative, quantitative dangerous discernment method, through analysing in advance scientifically, find out weak link and main hidden danger existing in the system, have solved distinguishing and safety evaluation problem of the accident potential of power supply enterprise well.Dangerous discernment method of the system is divided into qualitative discernment and quantitative discernment A basic one and commonly used method including safe check table, analysing dangerously in advance, event tree analysis and fault tree analysis. The fault tree can not only suitable for qualitative analysis but also carry on quantitative analysis , concise , vivid , accurate , practical, it is a kind of generally acknowledged analytical method both at home and abroad. This page article has done the key introduction to this kind of method.Electric system reform, separate the factory and network, make the power supply enterprise face the new security problem. Pass the statistical analysis of accident happenning to the power supply enterprise, three major types of body , electric wire netting , equipment that divide the accident, adopt the dangerous discernment method to distinguish and appraise it. The equipment accidents of voltage transformer and the bodily injury accident of fall in the altitude that this text are done for the example, adopt the fault tree to analyse it determining the nature, has looked for the hidden danger, through further quantitative analysis, analyse various kinds of basic incident (hidden danger) to happen of size of influence of incident (accident), thus found out the main fact, reason once of the accident of happenning , has offered the scientific basis for taking the corresponding measure. Dangerous discernment method of the system diagnose dangerous exceed the forebay, predictably, appraise out thedangerous existence degree more accurately, prevent the accident scientifically, have guaranteed the safe and reliable operation of electric wire netting.更多还原