【作者】 王嘉；

【导师】 刘鸿鹤；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 启蒙运动与浪漫主义是欧洲近代史上相继发生的两大思想文化运动,二者既有其反封建、反专制的共性,又有鲜明的不同,以至于被称之为“two cultures” (两种文化)。卢梭既是一位著名的启蒙思想家,又是浪漫主义的先驱。在理性至上的时代大潮中,他高举“回归自然”的旗帜,对当时的文明社会进行了剖析与批判。对异化和理性之局限与弱点的批判是他揭露与抨击当时文明社会弊端的焦点,而他对自由的向往是这种批判的原动力。而要实现人的自由,就要消除人世间内在与外在的两种依附(经济依附和心理依附),所以他寻求人类社会中内在(公民内心世界)与外在(社会政治制度)两个世界的重建。卢梭的思想在200多年的历史和现实中产生了深远的影响,他不仅是浪漫主义之父,而且开启了对现代性批判的先河,研究他的思想仍具有强烈的现实意义。卢梭的远见卓识,对于今天构建社会主义和谐社会以及实现人类文明合理的健康的发展具有重要的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Enlightenment and Romanticism are two important cultural movements that took place in succession in modem European hi; tory. They share temperament of anti-feudalism and anti-absolutism, however, their difference are so obvious that they are even called’two cultures". Rousseau is not only a famous Enlightenment thinker but also a forerunner of Romanticism. Advocating "back to the nature", he is the first one who analyzes and criticizes the problem of modern civilization in highly rational climate. The focus of his critique alienation and the weakness and limits of reason. And the motive of his criticism is his love of liberty. The elimination of humans’inner and outer dependence (economic and psychological dependence) is the key to realize liberty. Therefore, he pursues reconstruction of the inner(citizen’s internal mind) and outer (social political system) world. The thoughts of Rousseau produ(?) profound influnces in the history of 200 years. He not only is the father of Komanticism but also initiates the critique of modernity, thus, the examination of his thought is of great importance. His far-sighted idea is significant for the healthy development of human civilization and constructing harmonious society.更多还原