高层建筑系统化结构概念设计研究

【作者】 张智；

【导师】 吴子燕；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 结构工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济的发展,高层建筑的外形、结构型式等发生了很大的变化。对于那些年轻设计人员来说,要在没有太多设计经验的情况下,设计出一个合理的方案不是一件容易的事,而且,当前许多设计人员特别是结构设计人员在进行设计时,存在着重安全、轻经济且过于关注结构自身的错误思想。因此,如何更安全、经济、有效地进行设计,就成为了一个急需解决的问题。建筑结构的概念设计方法,作为一种新的设计思想,试图解决以上问题,但目前仍处于研究和探讨阶段。 本文在高层建筑的初始结构设计阶段,采用了概念设计方法,并结合系统化设计思想,把整个建筑当作一个系统进行综合考虑,即在结构初步设计时,还考虑了建筑、设备、能源、土地价格、建筑地理位置等多方面的因素。不光考虑了当前因素,还考虑了建成后的因素。在考虑了费用模型——年运行成本、年收入的情况下,建立起了系统化结构概念设计的决策优化模型,实现了设计多工种、多阶段的初步综合。 本文在求解决策优化模型时,优化方法采用的是一种新型算法——随机加权多目标遗传算法,并结合MATLAB6.5软件独立编制了求解程序,生成了非劣解(Pareto)集,获得了一系列初始设计方案,设计人员可根据不同的要求选择合适的方案。 由于求解决策优化模型的主要成果之一是高层办公建筑多采用钢筋混凝土框架—剪力墙结构或框架经—筒体结构。因此,本文研究了框架—剪力墙结构的结构概念设计,提出了对其进行优化的方法和步骤,将初步确定剪力墙数量的计算方法用于工程实例,证明了其简便、实用性,并提出了判断计算机计算结果合理性的方法,这些可为工程设计人员提供有益借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the economy,the high-rise buildings’ outline,structure pattern and so on have great changes.To the young designers,it’s not easy to get a reasonable scheme especially they have not much experience.Whatsmore;currently many structure designers pay more attention to the buildings’ safety and the structure self and they neglect the economic benefits.Therefore,the problem to be sloved in dire need of is how to make the design more safety,more economically and more effectively.The method of conceptual design of building structure,as a new method of thinking,it tries to slove the above problem.However, now it’s still be studied and discussed.In this thesis,it used the method of conceptual design and combined the systematization thinking at the stage of primary structure design of high-rise buildings.It took the building as a whole to have a synthetical study.That was,at the stage of primary structure design,it not only considered the structure but also the architecture,equipments,energy sources,the cost of land,the building’s geographical position and so on.And it also considered the current and subsequent factors.It established a decision-making model of systematization conceptual design of structure.The results realize primary integration of many different designers and design phases.To solve the decision-making model,It took a new algorithm-random weighting of multiobjective genetic algorithm.According to its basic ideology,a program with MATLAB 6.5 was written.With this method,it gets many Pareto set-many primary schemes,the designers can chose the best fit sheme with different requests.Because of one of the main results solving the model is that the main structure pattern of high-rise office buildings is reinforced concrete frame-shear wall or frame-tube structure,therefore,it studied the conceptual design of frame-shear wall structure especially,and provided the method and approach to optimize the conceptual design.It applied the method which primarily ascertains the amounts of shear walls to idiographic example.The results proves the method is convenient and effective.Whatsmore;it provided the ways to estimate the reasonable computing results of computers.The engineering designers can make good use of all of these.更多还原