《幽暗的林荫道》中的古希腊神话契机

【作者】 王帅；

【导师】 任光宣；

【作者基本信息】 北京大学 ， 俄罗斯语言文学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 布宁创作于第二次世界大战期间的短篇小说集《幽暗的林荫道》被誉为是一本“爱情百科全书”,它集中体现了布宁对爱情、生命与死亡的哲学思索。全书以“爱”为主线,将 40 篇短篇小说串联成一个整体,意蕴深刻地展现了尘世生活中的种种“爱情”及其与死亡的关联。《幽暗的林荫道》中这一“爱情与死亡”的主题是对古希腊神话“爱情与死亡”主题的回应与再现,而其中的一些爱情故事则是对古希腊神话中爱情传说的借用与改写。本文即是从《幽暗的林荫道》与古希腊神话的关系这一角度着手进行具体分析。论文由前言、正文和结语三部分组成,正文部分从“爱情”、“死亡”及“宗教”三个方面加以阐释。布宁在《幽暗的林荫道》中所表现的是尘世平凡人的“爱情”,这种“爱”与古希腊神话世界中的“爱情”有着许多异曲同工之处。在布宁看来,爱情包含着两个方面:肉欲之爱与精神之爱,单纯的任何一种爱都不能构成爱情的全部意义,只有当“灵”与“肉”达到和谐的统一时才构成真正的爱情。布宁希求“灵与肉相融合”的完美爱情,但是他又悲观地认定尘世的爱情不可能获得永恒的幸福,死亡的阴影总是笼罩在爱情之中,就像在古希腊神话中死亡成为了爱情的绝唱,在布宁的笔下,死亡则成为尘世爱情免于庸俗的一种必然选择。然而,作为一个基督徒,布宁又试图超越这种爱情与死亡的宿命,想要为尘世的爱情寻找一条永恒的幸福、安宁之路——皈依上帝,这也正是布宁对爱情、生命与死亡苦苦思索的一个答案。更多还原

【Abstract】 The anthology “the gloomy avenue” which was written by Bunin during theWorld War II is honored as “the encyclopedia of love”. From this book we can learnthe opinion of Bunin about love, life and death. The anthology contains 40 shortstories which use “love” as its main clue and illustrates the latent relationship betweenlove and death. The theme—love and death of “the gloomy avenue” is quite similarwith that of the ancient Greek mythology and many stories of “the gloomy avenue”are borrowed and adapted from the love legends of the ancient Greek mythology. This thesis presents a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between “thegloomy avenue” and the ancient Greek mythology. The full text is composed of thepreface, the main body and the ending. The main body analyses “the gloomy avenue”from three aspects: love, death and religion. The love expressed in “the gloomyavenue” is earthborn love, and it is quite similar with that of the ancient Greekmythology. Bunin considered that love contained two aspects: sexual desire and soullove, and any one of these two aspects can not make up of all meanings of ideal love.Only when soul love and sexual desire achieve harmonious unification, we can say itis the perfect ideal love. Bunin desired the ideal love, but he pessimistically thoughtthat earthborn love can not be perpetually happy and death always hided behind loveand the happiness. In the ancient Greek mythology death becomes the destination oflove and in “the gloomy avenue” death becomes the inevitable choice out of thevulgarness. However, as an eastern, Bunin tried to walk out of the destiny of “loveand death” and wanted to find a perpetually happy and peaceful road –be converted toGod. This is the Bunin’s answer to the thinking about love, life and death.更多还原