二十世纪《儒林外史》传播研究

【作者】 孙丽华；

【导师】 王平；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文从传播学这一特定角度,运用传播学的理论框架,以传播的过程来组织全文,并结合《儒林外史》的传播实际,梳理了《儒林外史》在二十世纪的传播情况,归纳了《儒林外史》在二十世纪的影响因素,总结了《儒林外史》在二十世纪的传播规律,提出了有效传播的建议,进一步明确了《儒林外史》的传播在二十世纪产生的回响及其意义。 二十世纪《儒林外史》的传播途径,除了传统的书籍媒介、戏剧媒介,绘画媒介,又有伴随科技进步而新出现的各种电子媒介:广播、电视、网络等新的传播媒介。传播媒介的不断更新和交叉使用,使《儒林外史》在二十世纪的传播比起上个世纪更加广泛深入,更全面、充分地展示了作品的魅力;但与明清其他几部古典小说名著相比,《儒林外史》的传播广度和深度都有所不及,本文分析了各方面的原因。另外,研究者作为接受者与传播者的双重身份,是《儒林外史》传播的主力军。 二十世纪对《儒林外史》的主题接受,延续上个世纪的“穷极文人情态”说和“功名富贵”说,并进一步将表达具体化,如:“批判八股科举”说,“揭露社会黑暗”说,“抨击封建礼教”说,“文化反思”说以及“探寻知识分子出路”说等等,是从不同的角度来解读《儒林外史》的精神内涵。“文革”期间还有一种“反儒”说,现在已被否定。对主题的接受反映着《儒林外史》以什么样的面目出现在受众眼前,以及在接受者心目中产生怎样的影响,这与当时的社会文化历史背景有密切联系。 二十世纪《儒林外史》的传播效果突出地表现在对后世作家的影响方面,它的批判现实主义,它的知识分子题材,它的淡化情节的结构,它的讽刺手法,它的客观白描的语言,对近代、现代、当代作家的文学创作产生了深远的影响。 二十世纪《儒林外史》的传播范围远及海外。海外传播的形式主要是全译本、节译本、大百科全书的介绍以及研究论著。本文归纳了海外传播的情况,并从传播学的观点作了分析,提出了自己的见解。更多还原

【Abstract】 ination theory, this dissertation organizes according to the concrete course of communication and propagation of the Scholars. It also sums up a lot of regular patterns and influential factors, the influence and significance of its communication and propagation, providing a clear map of the facts of the book’s communication in 20th century and some constructing instructions to the effective further communication and propagation of the book.Besides the traditional communication media such as text, drama and painting, some new ones like broadcast, television and Internet immerged with the development of new sciences and technology in 20th century. The constant renewal and multi-employment of different media resulted in wider and more profound communication, which comprehensively and fully exhibited the enchantment of the book. However, compared with some other famous classical fictions in Ming and Qing dynasties, the book of the Scholars also has some defaults in communicational width and depth. This essay provides reasons for this matter in different factors. Also, the researchers, being its receptionists and communicators, also consisted of the main group in communicating the book of the Scholars.During the 20th century, the item study on the Scholars accepted and continued the theory of "complete scholars’ spirit mood" and the theory of "the honor, credit, wealth and official rank ", which were raised in the 19th century, and the expression goes a step further to be concretized, for example, the theory of "criticizing the eight-part essay examination system", "exposing the society dark sides", "attacking the feudalism Confucian ethical codes", "the culture’s introspection" and "looking a way out for the scholars" ,and so on, which analyzed the book of the scholars spirit intention in different sides. During the "Cultural Revolution", there was another theory called "counting against the Confucian School", which has already been denied. Different ideas of acceptation to the book of the Scholars reflected different looks and spiritual influences to its receptionists, which closely connects with the then social culture andhistory background.In 20th century, the popularizing result of the book of the Scholars lay in its great influence on later writers. Its criticizing realism, themes of intellectual, organization flagging plot, means of satire, objective and straightforward language exerted a profound influence on the literary and artistic creation of contemporary writers.The book of the Scholars was propagated overseas in 20th century. The main forms are complete translated edition, partly translated edition, introduction of encyclopedia and some research treatises. This dissertation summed up the condition of propaganda overseas, made analysis according to the subject of propagation and communication and put forward some new conceptions.更多还原