股份有限公司发起人民事责任研究

【作者】 于征；

【导师】 刘刚仿；

【作者基本信息】 对外经济贸易大学 ， 法律， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文运用比较分析和理论联系实际的研究方法，对股份公司发起人民事责任进行了较为全面和深入的研究。除了引言和结论外，本文分为四个部分。第一部分对发起人的概念和资格进行了分析。关于发起人的概念，主要有三种学说，本文通过比较分析大陆法系国家和英美法系国家对发起人的定义，建议我国立法以形式概念说为基础，增设拟制发起人制度，这样即可以保证发起人范围的明确性，又兼采实质说对善意第三人权利的保护，防止发起人规避法律的行为出现。第二部分阐述了发起人承担民事责任的理论基础。发起人承担民事责任是由发起人在设立公司过程中所处的特殊法律地位决定的，是发起人拥有较多特权的回应，从根本意义上说它是公司法追求正义、效益理念的结果。第三部分较为全面的分析了发起人应承担的民事责任，是文章的核心部分。该部分介绍了发起人在公司成立情况下和公司不成立情况下的民事责任；在公司成立的情况下又分别分析了发起人对公司和对第三人的责任。该部分结合大陆法系和英美法系国家立法的特色，为我国公司发起人民事责任立法完善提供了可资借鉴之处。第四部分讨论了我国《公司法》关于股份公司发起人民事责任立法上的缺陷，并提出完善我国公司立法的若干建议。我国《公司法》对股份公司发起人的民事责任的规定相对于行政责任、刑事责任而言比重偏少，而且缺乏发起人的资本充实责任、发起人损害赔偿责任、发起人责任追究机制等方面的规定。建议我国公司立法借鉴他国先进经验，完善我国的发起人民事责任体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 This dissertation employing the methods of comparative analysis and integration of practice with theory, explores the civil liability of the promoters of company limited by shares (hereinafter called the promoters) in an exhaustive and in-depth manner. Apart from an introduction and a conclusion, it has the four following parts.The first part concentrates on the promoters’ definition and qualification. There are three kinds of theory about the definition of promoters. By comparing the promoters’ concept of common law legal system and civil law legal system, the author suggests that our company act should adopt the form theory and supplement similar promoter system. That will ensure both the definiteness of the promoters’ extension and the protection of the right of the third part in goodwill.The theoretical basis of promoters’ civil liability is analyzed in the second part. The promoters’ civil liability was decided by promoters’ particular status in company. It’s the restriction on the privileges of them. It’s the result of company act’ pursuit of justice and efficiency.The third part gives a detailed analysis of the civil liability the promoters bear. It’s the hardcore of this paper. This part focused on the civil liability of promoters’ when the company is founded in success or in failure. The promoters’ liability to company and to the third parties (including shareholders) when the company is founded in success was discussed separately in this part. Furthermore some legislative suggestions are put forward based on the analysis of advantages of legislation on the promoters’ civil liability in different countries. In the forth part, some legislative suggestion are put forward based on the analysis of the defects on the promoters’ civil liability in our company act. Compared to the regulation of administrative responsibility and criminal responsibility, the regulation on the promoters’ civil liability is too weak in our company act, which lacks of the promoters’ liability to make registered capital in full, liability to pay compensation, system of finding out promoters’ liability and etc. The author suggests that our company act should use the legislative experiences of other countries for reference and perfect the legislations on promoters’ civil liability.更多还原