【作者】 刘颖；

【导师】 廖桂生；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 90年代中期人们提出了一种新的天基雷达体制，即利用编队飞行的多颗小卫星构成超稀疏雷达阵列(也称之为星座或分布式小卫星雷达阵列)。本论文针对分布式小卫星雷达阵列中不可避免存在的位置误差和幅相误差，对分布式小卫星阵列的系统误差估计与补偿方法作了一些研究。在简单介绍已有的几种阵列误差估计方法的基础上，针对沿航向分布的线阵的编队构形，提出了一种基于地面角反射体的位置误差和幅相误差估计的新方法。该方法可直接获得导向矢量的闭式估计，并且该方法可适用于阵列远场、近场接收信号模型。在此基础上对空间三维分布的卫星阵列的误差估计方法进行了研究，提出了一种基于地面特显点的分布式小卫星空间位置误差和幅相误差的估计与补偿新方法。这种方法没有迭代求解过程，避免了搜索带来的局部最优问题，仅需对回波数据做一次方位傅立叶变换，运算量大大降低，且估计精度较高，具有一定的实际应用意义。最后，本论文又提出了一种新的结合方向图置零方法的分布式小卫星无模糊成像算法，这种算法的计算量相对较小，且性能损失不大，有望得到实际应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new spaceborne radar system was proposed in the middle of the ninety’s, which is the constellation composed by several small satellites (it was also called as distributed small satellite radar array). In this paper, the author studied the calibration and remedy method of the distributed small satellite system errors aiming at the inevitable baseline error and gain and phase error of the distributed small satellite radar array. On the basis of a simply introduction of the several available calibrations of array errors, a new baseline error and gain and phase error calibration method is proposed based on the reflector on the ground. This method can obtain the estimation of the steering vector directly and is adaptive to both far field and near field models. Then the author studied the satellite array distributing in three-dimensional space and proposed a new method that can calibrate and remedy the baseline error and gain and phase error based on a strong reflector on the ground. This method need not iterative operation and can avoid the local optimum problem caused by search. It need only do once Fourier Transform on the azimuth of the echoes and can obtain a high estimation precision so the amount of the computation is decreased greatly. At last, a new imaging algorithm without ambiguity is proposed in this paper combined with the nulling adjustment method of the array pattern. This method has a relative small amount of calculation and its performance loss is very little so it is expected to be used in application.更多还原