【作者】 陈清锦；

【导师】 朱伟；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 沉水植物是水体生物多样性赖以维持的基础，它的恢复是水生态修复的关键，其所产生的环境效应是生态系统稳定和水环境质量改善的重要依据。所以系统研究沉水植物对污染水体所产生的水质改善效应是必要的。本文在前人研究的基础上，结合国家“十五”重大科技专项“863”—苏州市水环境质量改善与综合示范项目，开展了以下工作： （1） 选取耐寒沉水植物伊乐藻作为研究对象，通过室内静态试验比较其在不同季节对污染水体的水质改善效应； （2） 研究生物量对不同沉水植物水质改善效应的影响，从试验得出生物量的影响结果，为工程应用提供参考； （3） 通过试验对比研究不同种类沉水植物对水质的改善效应； （4） 由于不同沉水植物对生境条件的要求不同，通过配制不同氮磷比例的人工污水，在不同水质条件下对比研究沉水植物的水质改善效应。 通过上述研究，得出了以下结论： （1） 伊乐藻在一年四季中能存活，并且最大生物量出现在秋季；在秋季和夏季具有较好的水质改善效应。秋季伊乐藻对TN、TP的去除率最高；夏季能快速去除NH₃-N和有机物，抑制藻类的生长繁殖； （2） 在一定生物量范围内，伊乐藻、菹草和黑藻对水质改善效应随生物量增加而增大； （3） 对黑藻、苦草、伊乐藻和金鱼藻水质改善效应的比较，综合分析得出：利用黑藻改善污染水体的水质是这四种植物中最佳的选择； （4） 在不同水质条件下沉水植物的水质改善效应不同，黑藻和金鱼藻的适应能力高于苦草和伊乐藻。更多还原

【Abstract】 Submerged macrophytes is the foundation of maintaining creature multiplicity in water body. The instauration of submerged macrophytes is the key of ecological restoration.The environmental effect created by submerged macrophytes is the important basis of ecosystem stabilization and water environmental quality booster. So it is necessary to study synthetically the water effect made by submerged macrophytes on polluted water body. Based on the previous studies and combined with the fifteenth national important scientific special item "863"-the item of water environmental quality improvement and synthesis demonstration about Suzhou City,the research in this paper was carried out. The main work in the thesis is summarized as follows:(1)The frost resisting submerged macrophytes- Elodea nuttallii was chosen as investigated. Based on indoor static experiments, their water improvement effect in different seasons is revealed.(2)Study the biomass impact on water improvement effect by different kinds of submerged macrophytes.The results interpreted from the experiments provide the reference to project.(3)The water improvement effects from different kinds of submerged macrophytes were studied according to contrastive experiments.(4)Due to the different requirements on habitat condition from different submerged macrophytes, the water improvement effects were studied by making artificial waste water charactered with different ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus in different water quality.Through the above studies,the following conclusions were gained:(1)Elodea nuttallii can survive through a year and the maximal biomass appears in autumn. The seasons representing better water improvement effect were autumn and summer;(2)In a given range of biomass with the increase of biomass,the water improvement effects by Elodea nuttallii ,Potamogetor crispus and Hydrillaverticillata become more obviously.(3)Compare the water improvement effects from Hydrilla verticillata,Vallisneria spiralis,Elodea nuttallii and Ceratophyllum demersum.The conclusion showed that Hydrilla verticillata gives the best choice for improving water quality of polluted water.(4)Water improvement effect of submerged macrophytes varies with the different water quality.The adaptive faculty of Hydrilla verticillata and Ceratophyllum demersum is higher than that of Vallisneria spiralis and Elodea nuttallii.更多还原