【作者】 张轶；

【导师】 关富玲；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 结构工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 帐篷是一种古老的建筑形式，自有史以来就被用来作为房屋和简易的遮蔽物。如今随着建筑技术，计算机技术和新材料研究的飞速发展，性能优良的新型膜材被用于建造永久性的帐篷结构，并已经成功地运用于机场，体育馆等大跨公共建筑中。帐篷膜结构一般由索和膜材这些柔性材料张拉而成，风荷载是其控制荷载，而目前对此类结构的风载分布和抗风性能的系统研究很少，而且荷载规范中缺少此类体型的参数，因此对帐篷膜结构进行这方面的研究具有重要的工程设计意义和进一步学术研究的参考价值。 本文从张拉膜结构的设计过程中不同的风荷载取值出发，利用某一刚性模型风洞试验和计算机随机风振响应分析，对该类结构的风载体型系数分布以及风振系数作了小结，并且得出了一些相关的抗风性能的有益结论。 在风载分布方面，分别制作了单跨和多跨的帐篷膜结构刚性模型，进行0—360度24个风向角下的试验分析，获得了各角度下的风压系数分布。为了找出设计荷载所需要的分块体型系数，整体升力和局部风压最值，本文进行了各风向角下以上三个参数的比较，找出了不利的风向角，并归纳出该角度下的分块体型系数图和汇总的体型系数等。最后，根据边片的最大体型系数，得到了边片形式的设计建议。 风振响应方面，本文从设计角度出发，进行了以上帐篷膜结构模型的模态分析。然后利用风洞试验得到的风压时程数据，进行了各典型角度下随机风振响应分析。具体的以某一角度的位移，索内力和膜主应力响应为例，得到了一些响应的规律，给出了控制帐篷膜结构风振的一些有效方法。最后，给出了各典型角度下的分片风振系数归纳，为通常的膜结构设计提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tent structure is an old style of architecture which made for houses from time’s on. Nowadays, along with the advanced technoledge of new material, construction and computer science, more well-performanced membrane materials are used to make of permanent constructions. Many long-span airports and stadiums of this kind are successfully built and well used. Tent structures are tensioned by flexible material of membrane and cable, so wind load is one of the most important loads. Because of little systematic research on the wind distribution and wind-induced dynamic response of tent structure and widely use of that kind of structure, it’s a significant need to work on this area.On the need of choosing some proper wind load values for designing tent structure, works were done to get the wind load factors and gust loading factors based on the wind tunnel test of the rigid model and some useful conclusions were drawn.The wind tunnel tests were carried under 24 wind direction angles in the range of 0-360 angle with two different rigid models and values of wind load factors on each angle were obtained. All the values were checked to find dangerous angles under which values of block coefficient of body conformation, lift factors and local coefficient of body conformation would be adapted in designing. Maximum values of coefficient of body conformation of side piece were also checked out and suggestion to designing was given.In the matter of wind-induced dynamic response of tent structure, modal analysis was carried out and time history of pressures obtained from wind tunnel test were used to calculate wind-induced dynamic responses under each wind direction angles. Under a typical angle, response values of displacement, cable force and membrane principle stress were listed and some means to control tent structure’s response were suggested. Finally, block coefficients of gust loading under some typical angles were given which could be referred for design of tent structure.更多还原