【作者】 何岚；

【导师】 黄德林；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 行政管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 知情权和隐私权是公民应当享有的基本权利。由于医疗行为的特殊性,很容易对患者的这两种权利造成侵犯。随着市场经济的发展,公民自主法治意识的提高,医疗行为中知情权和隐私权的保护问题逐步为人们所重视,如何解决二者之间的冲突更成为问题的焦点。然而,现行政策法规尚缺乏对解决这些问题的可操作的指导。本文主要采用理论分析和案例分析相结合的方法,对医疗行为中知情权与隐私权的保护问题进行研究。首先研究两种权利的概念和国内外相关立法情况。然后,探讨医疗行为中知情权和隐私权的主要内容以及二者之间的主要冲突。接下来,分析保护患者知情权和隐私权的国内外政策法规,阐述实现知情权和隐私权过程中的注意事项和医方、患方、政府三方的权利和义务。最后,详细分析几种常见的知情权与隐私权之间冲突的解决及应遵循的原则。得出如下结论:基因工程中当事人的知情权或隐私权与其亲属的隐私权或知情权发生冲突时,首先应维护当事人的知情同意权和隐私权,同时注意不侵犯其血亲的权利;艾滋病病毒感染者的隐私权与社会、亲友的知情权发生冲突时,社会知情权应以不侵犯艾滋病病毒感染者的隐私权为前提,同时应谨慎地保障艾滋病病毒阳性患者性伴的知情权;婚检中保护对方的知情权应优先于一方的隐私权;社会和公众的知情权在法律许可的界限内优先于个人的隐私权,但不能延伸到因好奇或渴望而想知道的领域;代理人的知情权以尊重病人的隐私权为条件,且只对与做疾病诊治决定相关的信息知情。平衡知情权和隐私权应遵循四项原则:社会公共利益优先的原则、诚实信用的原则、利益均衡的原则和权利协调的原则。要实现对知情权和隐私权的有效保护并正确处理二者之间的冲突,需要医方、患方、政府以及全社会的共同努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Both the right to know and the right to privacy are basic civil rights. Owing to the particularity of the medical action, it’s easy to infringe these two rights of the patients’. With the development of the market economy and the improving citizen conscious of ruling by law, the issue to protect these two rights in medical actions was emphasized by us more and more often. How to solve the conflict between them becomes the focus. However, present policies and laws lack practical ideas to guide the solving of these problems.This thesis combines theory analysis method with example analysis method to study the protecting problems of these two rights in medical actions. First, the conceptions of the rights and the legislating situation in home and overseas were discussed. Then, the main contents of the two rights in medical actions and the major conflicts between them were approached. Later on, the related policies and laws to protect these two rights of the patients were analyzed; the items must be taken note of in the realization progress were stated; the rights and duties of the patient, the hospital, and the government were told. At last, the solving method of several conflicts commonly seen between the two rights, and the principles must be obeyed were interpreted in details. Following conclusions were obtained:1, the rights of those directly involved must be protected first, when their rights conflict with their relatives’ in the project of gene. The relatives’ rights must not be violated in the meantime. The public’s right to know must base on the inviolability of the AIDS patients’ right to privacy when the rights of the two sides conflict. And the patient’s sex partner’s right to know must be protected cautiously at the same time. In the physical examination before marriage, the right to know of one side has priority over the right to privacy of the other side. The public and the society’s right to know has priority over the individual right to privacy in the area laws permitted. But it cannot extend to the area that one want to know for curiosity or desire. It’s the requirement of the agent’s right to know that to respect the patient’s right to privacy and to know the information related to making disease decision merely.2, to balance the right to know and the right to privacy, four principles must be obeyed. There are principle of the preference of the public benefit, principle of honest and credit, principle of harmonious interest and principle of coordinated rights.3, in order to protect these two rights effectively and to deal with the conflicts between them rightfully, we need the efforts not only of the hospital and the patient, but also of the government and the whole society.更多还原