【作者】 张绍满；

【导师】 盛翊智；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会的发展和机动车辆的日益增多,智能化的交通管理成为一种需要。基于图像处理的计算机视觉技术通过摄像机获取外界景物图像,并利用计算机对图像进行处理,以模拟人的视觉功能,是进行交通检测最直观有效的方法之一,因此将计算机视觉应用于交通管理成为近年来的热点。本文提出了一种基于 DSP 分布式处理的视频检测方案在智能交通管理中的应用。系统由工控机和 DSP 板卡组成,通过图像采集、视频检测、JPEG 压缩与数据上载等模块,实现闯红灯违章车辆自动抓拍以及交通参数的采集。传统的视频检测系统由工控机和视频采集卡组成,采用以工控机为核心的集中式处理,图像采集、视频检测等工作都在主机上完成,受主机资源的限制,系统不容易进行扩展。与之相比,本文提出的分布式处理方案,由于主体算法分散在多个 DSP 上实现,主机仅完成辅助的事务性处理,因此系统的优越性体现在可靠性、扩展性、性能价格比三个方面。作为一种基于 PCI 总线的 DSP 应用实例,该方案利用了成熟的 PC 架构及其操作环境,可以加快开发速度,同时又降低了成本,具有一般性意义。本文阐述了双缓冲区设计的原理及实现方法,视频检测卡的一个缓冲区在进行视频检测的同时,另一个进行图像数据的采集,通过乒乓处理的方式,增强了实时处理能力。视频检测采用基于虚拟线圈运动矢量的方法,从 CCD 摄像头采集图像,在图像的特定区域定义虚拟线圈,通过估算虚拟线圈的运动矢量,就可以检测经过车辆的运动状态。另外,本文研究了 DSP 编程中的几个关键技术,特别是其中的软件优化方法,不仅决定视频检测卡能否正常工作,而且影响系统的实时性。这些关键技术的调试过程及解决方法,为 DSP 的开发应用积累了可供参考的经验。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the society and the increasing quantity of the vehicles,intelligent traffic becomes necessary. Obtain external images through the camera, utilizethe computer to deal with the picture, to imitate people’s vision function, is one of themost effective ways to measure the traffic, so it has become a focus that applyingcomputer vision to traffic administration. This thesis gives a video detect scheme based on DSP distributed processing. Thesystem consists of industrial control computer and DSP board cards, by means of videocapture, image processing, JPEG compressing and data upload, it can perform red lightrunner detect and traffic parameter gathering. The traditional video detect system is madeup of industrial control computer and video capture card, all the work is done at the hostcomputer, but restricted by resource of the host computer, the system is not easy to expand.Compared with the past video detect system, now most work is realized on distributedDSP board cards, the host computer just finishes affairs treatment, so the systematicadvantage embodies in the dependability, expansibility and performance-cost ratio. As aninstance of DSP development based on PCI bus, by utilizing ripe PC framework andoperating environment, this scheme can accelerate the developing progress, and lower thecosts at the same time, so it has a significance of universality. With dual buffer design and ping-pong processing, the systematic real-timeprocessing ability is strengthened. In order to detect the vehicle’s motion state, virtualloops are defined on the image sequence extracted from the CCD cameras, then themotion vectors of the virtual loops can be acquired, which can represent the motion stateof the passing vehicles. In addition the thesis does a research on several key technology of DSP programming,especially the software optimizing method, which not only determines whether the cardcan work normally, but also the real-time character. Such debugging course and solutionscan offer reference to late research and application of DSP.更多还原