【作者】 王贵顺；

【导师】 徐晓林；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 从二十世纪五六十年代开始,在一些西方发达国家,社会经济发展形态逐步转向以发展信息生产力为主要特征,这一转变过程即是发达国家的信息化过程。从公共管理学的角度来看,适应信息化的浪潮,将信息技术有效地整合到传统的公共组织之中,实现对公共组织的全新改造,既是一种必需,也是一种必然。传统的公共组织是典型的科层组织形式,这种科层组织结构形式在发挥巨大作用的同时,出现了许多不足之处。而新的信息技术与过去相比,它可以大大减少通信时间和距离上的障碍,从而支持了新的组织结构形式的形成。 信息化进程中信息技术的应用导致公共组织结构的大量调整,这些调整可分为宏观和微观两个层次。宏观层次的调整主要涉及到公共组织的层级、形式及决策权的重新分配等问题。从组织层级来看,公共组织的中间层将逐渐减少,日趋扁平化,但中层管理人员的变化却是不确定的;从组织形式来看,公共组织逐步走向网络化、虚拟化;从决策权的分配来看,信息技术的应用使得决策权在公共组织内部实现重新配置, 集权与分权可以并存于公共组织内部。微观层次的调整主要涉及到公共组织的工作内容、工作方式等问题。借助于现代信息技术,公共组织传统的职能分工模式被打破,业务流程将实现重整,出现团队工作模式,专业分工细化已不再重要,个人也得到了在公共组织内部全面发展自己的机会。公共组织结构变革没有一个固定的模式,它的进程也并非一帆风顺,有许多不确定的因素影响着这个进程,对技术的过分依赖也显示了公共组织结构的脆弱性,但有一点可以肯定的是,连通性和获得信息的自由度越大,公共组织结构的内涵就越深刻。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 1950s,some western developed countries have gradually turned into the information society which is characterized by the development of information productivity,this process is called informatization, information technology has acted an important role in this process. As in public administration,it is of necessity to restructuring the public organization by using modern information technology in order to embracing the wave of informatization. The classic structure of the public organization is bureaucracy. It is a hierarchical structure,emphasizing function dividing and standardization of work process. It plays an important role in the society development and also has some obvious disadvantages. The continually appeared new information technologies have changed this situation. Compared with the past,the new information technology can greatly reduce the communication time and eliminate the obstacles brought by long distance,so the appearance of new organizational structure is possible and inevitable.The usage of information technology in the informating process will cause a great lot of adjustments of the structure of public organization, these adjustments can be divided into macro and micro aspects. The adjustments of macro aspect contain the levels of the public organization、the form of the public organization and the redistribution of the power of decision-making in the public organization. As to the levels of the public organization,the middle levels will reduce step by step and the public organization will be flatten,but the change of the number of the middle management is uncertain,it is possible to decrease、keep and increase the number of the middle management. As to the form of public organization,it will become networked、virtual and flexible. As to the distribution of the power of decision-making,the information technology improves the ability of decision-making of whole public organization and cause the redistribution of the decision-making power,recentralization and decentralization can coexist in the public organization,which depends on many factors.The adjustments of micro aspect involve the work content、the work manner and the communication mode of the public organization. By the use of modern information <WP=6>technology,the classic function-divided mode will be replaced by the work team mode and the public business process will be reengineering. In the new process,work team is the basic and main unit which contains the employees who have different background and come from different departments. The excessive specialization of jobs is not necessary and the individuals of the public organization get the chance of comprehensive development.Since the process of restructuring is full of uncertainty,there is no optimal and fixed mode for the restructuring of the public organization,many factors can influence the restructuring process,but it is sure that the meaning of the structure of public organization depends on the degree of the convenience of information acquirement and connection in the public organization.更多还原