【作者】 王敏；

【导师】 杨昌柱；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文针对含油废水中浮油、分散油的处理,将重力法与聚结技术相结合,设计制作了波纹板聚结油水分离器,并对其内部构件如入口构件、布液构件、聚结构件、集油构件及出口构件等进行了创造性的优化设计,改善了水力条件,强化了重力油水分离过程。其中聚结构件的优化设计和聚结材料的表面改性是提高油水分离效果的关键,直接影响到设备的除油效率。在聚结构件结构的设计上,采用横向流进水,利用波纹板提供的曲折通道和非常大的聚结表面,产生近似于正弦波的水流,使分散油珠发生最大程度的聚结。以斯托克斯公式和浅层沉淀理论为依据,进行板长、板宽及板间距的选择,并以雷诺数验证水流的层流状态;在聚结材料的选择上,通过测量油在备选材料上的接触角,并考察其有效、经济、耐久性,最终确定经改性剂A进行表面改性后的镀锌板作为该油水分离器的聚结板材。并通过试验验证了改性后的镀锌板具有良好的除油效果及很强的耐腐蚀性。所设计的装置可去除20μm以上的油珠,出水含油量小于10mg/L,基本达到设计要求。同时本文对该装置的运行参数进行了考察,试验表明:板间流速宜控制在5m/h左右。该设备对进水含油量的波动适应性强,当进水在30～200mg/L变化时,出水含油量只有较小变化,一般小于10mg/L。水温对出水含油量有一定影响,即温度升高,设备除油率越高。本文还将过滤、粗粒化、布气气浮三种方法分别与波纹板组聚结构件联合使用,并首次将薄板受迫振动应用于油水分离器。试验结果表明,除布气气浮外,其他三组工艺都可使出水含油量小于5mg/L。其中加设过滤组件的去除效果最好。加设布气气浮后,因为破坏了分离器内所需的层流水力条件,而使分离效果变差。加设振动与粗粒化效果相当,说明加设振动有较好的分离效果,并且不存在粗粒化材料的堵塞、吸附饱和等现象,具有非常广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 The gravity and coalescence techniques are combined in this thesis to design and construct the oil/ water separator. The main components of the separator are made optimization design. The structure and surface properties of the corrugated plates are crucial to oil removal efficiency of the separator.Transverse flow is introduced for the design of the coalescence component. Zigzag channels and extraordinary coalescing surface are use to produce sinusoidal flow, which gives rise to more frequent collisions between oil droplets. According to the shallow pool sedimentation theory and Stocks formula, the length, width, and the space between the plates are calculated and selected, meanwhile Renault Number being used to assure laminar flow. While the selection of material, by measuring the contact angle of oil on many kinds of materials respectively, as well as considering its economic cost and wear, surface modifying agent A are selected to treat the surface of the galvanized iron. Its high oil removal efficiency is verified by experiment subsequently. The diameter of oil drop more than 20μm can be removed by the separator, the content of oil in effluent is less than 10mg/L.The performance of the oil/water separator is studied by experiments. The velocity of the flow between plates should be controlled at 5m/h. The separator has the good adjustability to the fluctuating oil content in influent. When the oil content in influent varies from 30 to 200mg/L, the oil content in effluent is generally less than 10mg/L. The temperature of wastewater affects the oil removal efficiency. The higher the temperature of wastewater is, the better the quality of effluent is. The filtration, coalescence, and floatation are combined with the corrugated plates respectively in the oil/water separator, sheet metal contact vibration is originally used in the oil/water separator as well as. The results indicate that, except floatation, the content of oil in effluent is less than 5mg/L. The effect of applying vibration closes to using coalescence, without the problems of jam and adsorption saturation. It has promising application foreground.更多还原