【作者】 刘娟；

【导师】 任建明；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 公共管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 城市供水业的发展与生产、生活密切相关,是完善城市功能的一个重要组成部分。传统的政企不分、地区垄断经营的政府管制体制存在着严重弊端,导致我国供水业发展滞后,已经成为城市经济和社会发展的瓶颈。因此,城市供水业的市场化改革势在必行,制定具有前瞻性、灵活性的政府管制改革战略已经刻不容缓。本文首先对政府管制的一般理论、自然垄断行业的管制改革理论以及供水业管制改革的国内外研究现状进行了回顾,从而为整个论文工作提供了理论和分析框架。接着从城市供水业的特点入手,对城市供水业政府管制改革进行了系统的理论分析,构筑了供水业的政府管制体系,包括管制法规、管制体制、进入管制、价格管制、质量环境管制五个方面的内容。并归纳总结了我国供水业进行市场化改革的三种模式,对我国供水业管制改革进行了实证研究,对改革的成果和产生的新问题进行了分析总结。对美、英、法等国家供水业政府管制制度变迁分别从管制体系五个方面进行了比较研究。最后结合我国国情,提出了目前城市供水业政府管制进一步改革的方向:按照“公开、公平、公正”的原则开展有序的竞争;促进供水业提高效率,实现城市供水业协调健康发展;保持水资源的长期、稳定、可持续发展。并对我国的供水业管制改革提出六点政策建议:一是要遵循具体、实用和可操作原则,完善管制法规;二是建立独立、公正、可信和高效的管制体制;三是借鉴英法等国的经验,分两个层次进行水管理,即流域水资源管理和城市水务管理;四是放松进入管制,规范各种运营模式的市场化运作;五是完善价格管制体制,建立科学合理的价格制定和调整机制;六是加强质量环境管制。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of the Urban Water Supply Industry (UWSI) is closely related with the production and people’s life. It is also an important part of the urban function. However, the traditional duties of the government and enterprises were not detached, and the UWSI was monopolized by the local government, which directly led the UWSI to develop slowly and became the bottleneck of urban economy and social development. Hence, it is very urgent to establish an insightful and flexible government regulation system of UWSI. Starting with a review of the theories about government regulation, natural monopoly and UWSI reform, this article offers a studying frame. Based on the characteristics of the UWSI and the theoretical analysis of the government regulation reform, we construct the strategic frame that contains regulation laws, regulation system, entrance regulation, price regulation, quality and environment regulation. We also conclude our country’s three specific models of the regulation reform, analyze the achievements and new problems caused by the reform, and compare the government regulation regimes of the U.S.A, Great Britain, France from five aspects. Finally, based on the real conditions of our country, we put forward the goal of the government regulation reform on UWSI: To compete according to the rule of open, equity and justice; To raise the efficiency and make the UWSI develop in a harmonic and healthy way; To keep the water resources to be long-term, stable and sustainable. We bring forward six suggestions. First, make the specific, practical and operable regulation law; Second, set down the regulation system of independence, justice, credibility and high efficient. Third, according to the experiences of the Great Britain and France, put forward two-aspect management method, one is basin water resource management; the other is urban water affair management. Fourth, enlarge the entrance regulation and advocate the market operation. Fifth, construct the scientific price regulation model. Sixth, strengthen the quality and environment regulation.更多还原