【作者】 刘磊；

【导师】 王忠静；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 水利工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 流域是个极其复杂的巨系统,内部机制纷繁复杂。水系统是其中的关键问题,对水循环系统的描述和分析,就成为研究流域问题如洪涝灾害、环境影响、水资源配置、流域过程模拟、水土流失、产业结构优化与布置、土地利用等等诸多方面的关键内容,其成果就是描述流域巨系统规律的模拟仿真模型。随着计算机仿真技术的发展和广泛应用,人们对系统仿真提出了更高的要求,主要有集中在三个方面:仿真结果的可靠性和精确性;仿真建模的效率和效能;仿真模型的适应性、可扩展性和集成性(简称柔性)。满足这些要求的关键就是提高模型软件的可重用性。重用经过验证的模型可以增加仿真结果的可靠性,可以大大增加建模的效率和改进模型的柔性。针对上述问题,本文分析了流域水系统的特点和组成结构,依据现代仿真理论框架,使用面向对象的分析、设计方法,将流域复杂系统进行分解、概化后形成以明晰、直观流域功能组件,描述流域分解后的各个基本功能单元,并用目前先进的可复用组件技术针对每一个部件进行可重用模拟组件设计,构成流域模拟基本模块,即流域模拟器。在此基础上,依照拓扑理论和柔性系统技术,提出了基于流域模拟器的流域仿真系统柔性构建方法,建立了具有良好适应性、扩展性、集成性的基于模拟器的流域柔性仿真系统环境与方法。基于模拟器技术的流域仿真系统构建方法应用表明,该技术方法直观简捷、结构性强,使开发者可聚焦于流域模拟器的建造,使用者聚焦于流域问题的分析,大大提高了流域发展模型的构建效率。本文用COM作为模拟器设计开发的标准,设计开发出的部分具有柔性接口的可视化的流域模拟器,可直接用于相关流域问题的仿真模型构建。更多还原

【Abstract】 Watershed is an enormous system with extremely complex interior operation mechanism, in which the key factor is the water system. Description and analysis of water cycling system becomes the key content in watershed issues, such as flood controlling, environment impacting, water resources planning, soil and water conservancy etc. One of main outputs of those researches is the water cycling simulation model. With the developement of simulation technology, there are many higher requirements advanced which mainly concentrated in three aspects: reliability, efficiency and capability. The key to meet these requirements is to improve the reusability of the model software. Based on the modern simulation theory, this paper analyzed characteristics of watershed system and disassembled the watershed into functional components. Then, using the newest reusable component technology , describe and design each of them as basic watershed modules, namely watershed simulators. Further more, in accordance with the topological theory and flexible system technology, a flexible construction method was presented and used to assemble those simulators into a watershed simulation system. This flexible simulators-based watershed simulation environment provides tools with well applicability, expansibility, integration capability which can make the development of watershed simulation system simply and efficiently.更多还原