【作者】 刘锐；

【导师】 谭纵波；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 建筑学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 作为一个有着3000年建成历史800多年建都历史的北京旧城,它的保护与发展一直是举世瞩目的话题。1949年新中国成立以后,北京整个城市建设逐步以旧城为中心较大规模地展开来了,保护与发展直接在北京旧城里面交锋,带来前所未有的种种问题,各种角度对北京旧城的保护与发展的论述莫衷一是。论文首先通过检索收集建国以来的几种国内重要期刊所有关于北京的文章,通过分类、整理、分析、总结获得北京旧城保护与发展的工程实践、规划研究等的客观认识。在这种客观认识基础上探究了北京旧城发展与变化的本质。几十年来,在北京旧城面貌发生巨大变化的背后,是城市土地性质和功能要求的演变。作为首都的城市中心,北京旧城的性质和功能要求自1949年以来经历了多次变化,这些变化直接体现在承载城市功能的土地上。本论文对北京旧城不同时期三张地图(1949、1981、1996)进行统一标准处理以后,利用GIS技术获得这三个时段的旧城土地性质、面积、空间分布一体化数据,进而两两叠加获得解放以来的北京旧城城市土地性质、面积、比例、空间分布等变化的现实状况。通过这种方法进行分析比较,从总体规划布局层面上了解北京旧城50年的性质和功能要求的实际变化,也在土地利用层面上了解了北京旧城保护与发展的真实状况。客观全面了解北京旧城几十年来保护与发展的状况之后,论文对北京旧城保护和发展提出了意见和建议,并对新世纪北京旧城的保护与发展做了一定的展望。论文运用实证的方法努力从土地利用角度剖析北京旧城建国来的保护发展真实的本质。论文第一部分(第一章、第二章)论述了这一问题提出的缘起和研究意义,简单介绍了土地利用基础理论,阐述了从土地利用角度研究北京旧城的意义和必要。论文第二部分(第三章、第四章)是文章的主体部分,这一部分从756篇关于北京的期刊论文的整理分析入手,研究了北京旧城保护与发展的各种客观现实与问题,同时利用1949、1981、1996三个年代GIS属性、数据、空间、过程一体化信息剖析了几十年北京旧城土地利用的变化现实概况。论文第三部分(第五章、第六章)在第二部分获得旧城保护与发展以及土地利用变化的客观现实基础<WP=4>上,进而分析和判断其中的动力机制和问题根源。论文最后一章对北京旧城保护与发展提出了相应的建议和意见,并作展望。本文是一种利用GIS建立切片叠加分析旧城土地利用现实的一种方法,概略分析完北京旧城土地利用现状后,更希望为今后建立一种研究方法框架和提供北京旧城GIS基础模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Old Beijing City is a city with 3000 years long history and play a role as a capital for 800 years.The developement and conservation of Beijing Old City is an important topic of the world.In 1949,as the new country came into existence,large scale construction began taking Old Beijing City as the center.The contradiction between developement and conservation appeared.At the same time,all kinds of arguments about development and conservation also appeared.In this paper,the author collect all the papers about beijing city planning in several important magazines.Basing on sorting and analyzing these papers,the author outline the objectivity of development and conservation of the Old Beijing city.Furthermore,the author study the essence of development and conservation in the Old Beijing City. As we all know, Beijing is a famous ancient capiyal with rich cultural heritage in China.While being developed into a modernized city with renovating, it is very urgent to preserve the traditional styles and features of the city.During the last forty years, there are some sucesses but also many failings in the course of developing and preserving Old Beijing city. Through looking back on the land use change of the Old Beijing city, the author want to put some viewpoints and give some advisements on the development and preservation of the Old Beijing city.From 1949, great changes have taken place in the Old Beijing City.Behind all these changes,we can find the land use changes in the old city which is the basic factor of all these changes.In this paper,the author select three maps(1949’s&1981’s&1996’s) to study the land use changes in the Old Beijing city by overlay operations with GIS technology. After unifying these three maps, the author analyse the functions,areas and distributions of land in old Beijing city after 1949.Through this way,we have showed the objectivity of conservation and developement of old Beijing city (from 1949 to 1996) through the view of land use changes. Furthermore, the author explore the prospect of conservation and <WP=6>developement of old Beijing city.This paper bulid three sections to analyze the land use changes by overlay operations with GIS technology.It is a new way to study the land use changes in the Old Beijing city.After analyzing the land use status in the Old Beijing roughly and offering a basic GIS model of the Old Beijing City ,the author hope to set up a frame of such king of studies.更多还原