【作者】 黎明；

【导师】 孙梅生；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 控制工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 刀具自动控制系统是数控机床的重要组成部分。随着制造业加工水平的不断提高,用户对机床刀具系统的控制功能提出了新的需求,呈现出控制对象多样化、过程复杂、使用灵活、可靠性高的特点。课题即在此背景下产生,文章对课题软件的设计开发和应用进行了介绍和分析。软件的核心功能之一是刀具数据管理。软件通过构建刀具信息数据库TDB来记录和访问各种相关信息,而使用数据更新程序则实现了数据与现实的同步。为满足控制对象的多样化,软件一方面在TDB中使用刀站概念来统一主轴与刀库刀位,提出用有向图描述刀站关系的新方法;另一方面支持4种刀库和2种传送器,允许用户使用大型刀具及多刀刃刀具,并提供较大的数据处理能力。为了接收来自多通道的批量刀具控制指令,软件建立了三级刀具任务队列,实施指令计算的准并行和动作输出的批量处理,充分利用系统资源并提高了程序的执行效率。并在此基础上集中实现多通道、多主轴和多刀库条件下的加工位换刀、刀具准备、后台批量备刀、刀具批量传送和批量装卸刀具的控制。软件提供多种控制策略以增加用户刀具控制的灵活性,包括:刀具的搜索替换策略、刀位搜索策略和刀库的定位策略等。在刀具搜索中使用刀具ID号来确定刀具替换关系,并提出反向替换的模式;而在刀具与刀位的匹配上,不但支持随机刀具定位和固定刀具定位,也提供刀位类型作为额外的匹配条件;同时软件允许用户自行更新TDB,增加了控制的灵活性。本论文最后介绍了软件的多项应用功能,其中刀具寿命管理功能处理所有加工刀刃,而且设计思路简便;D号提供功能在提供刀刃几何补偿号的同时也处理转换头的数据;刀具测量与工件对刀实现了方便快捷的位置测量功能。用户使用这些功能可更快捷地处理刀具数据;而手动刀具功能及断刀对策能帮助用户快速排除刀具故障。软件已经成功应用到TH65125×125加工中心机床,经过测试和试运行基本达到了设计要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Automatic system of tool control is a important part of NC machine tool. The latest requirements of machine tool user comprise of diversification of control object, complexity of process, flexible of application and high reliability. This paper describes methods and procedures of the design of a tool management software . A core function of the software is management of tool data. The software constructs tool information database TDB to record and visit information about tools. Data updating program carry out synchronization of data and reality. To satisfy the requirement of diversification of control object, in the one hand the software use the concept of tool station for unifying spindle and magazine locations and use the new mathod of direction map for describing the relationship among tool stations, on the other hand the software support four magazine, two transfer types, huge tool and multi-edge tool.To receive batch commands of tool control from channels, the software constructs the tool task queues in 3-levels and carries out pseudo- simultaneity of instructions and batch of action output. The method improves efficiency of programs. Furthermore, the software concentratively designs the functions under the condition of multi-channel, multi-spindle and multi-magazine: tool feed, tool preparation, background preparation, tool transfering and tool loading/unloading.To increace the flexibility of tool control, the software provides users control strategies which is about tool search, tool replacement, location search and magazine rotation. Tool ID number is used to establish relationship of replacement. The software also provides optional mode of random and fixed tool orientation besides location type matching. In addition, users are allowed to update TDB personally. Other functions are also discussed which comprise edge life management, providing D number, tool measuring, workpiece measuring, handy tool and so on.The test result shows this software is universal for tool management in machine tool. Finally the software was successfully applied to a machining center TH65125x125.更多还原