【作者】 姚永海；

【导师】 金国栋；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 车辆工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 汽车工业的发展为人类社会的进步作出了巨大贡献,但同时它也消耗了巨大的能源并造成严重的环境污染。为了解决能源危机和环境污染问题,研制推广一种节能、无污染的汽车迫在眉睫。燃料电池汽车正是利用清洁的氢能源、并可实现零排放的汽车。燃料电池种类繁多,其运行特点、适用范围和技术难点各不相同,需要研究其对于车用动力的适用性;而社会上最为关心的燃料电池汽车商业化前景更是一个涉及氢能源生产、储存、供给,全能量利用评价,市场对燃料电池技术和成本的可接受度等诸多方面的系统工程问题,迫切需要予以解答。本文试图通过对燃料电池汽车商业化目标及发展策略的研究来回答这一问题。论文首先介绍国内外燃料电池汽车的发展概况,分析了燃料电池的种类及其不同特点,确定其对车用动力的适用性及技术差距。接着对燃料电池的燃料获取方式进行分析,确定其能量获取效率,并通过考察燃料在整个生命周期过程中的能耗、排放和经济性,进行其生命周期评价,指出用天然气制氢或水力发电制氢、应用质子交换膜燃料电池作车载能量转换装置是发展燃料电池汽车的较为合理的方案。论文还通过燃料电池车辆的性能仿真完成其Well To Wheel 的全能量分析,并得到特定配置下的车辆性能参数。 论文从技术约束、成本约束、资源约束、基础设施约束和市场约束等方面分析了燃料电池汽车的商业化难点,并力图通过分析这些难点找到有利于其成长的发展策略。最后,根据分析的内容,给出燃料电池汽车的技术发展和商业化发展策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Automotive industry makes great contribution to the development of human society, but at the same time it consumes huge energy resources and results in severe environmental pollution. In order to solve the crisis of energy resource and environmental pollution, it is an urgent task to research and develop vehicles that can save energy consumption and emit no pollution. Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV) is the vehicle that we are looking for to use clean fuel (hydrogen energy) and realize zero emission. There are various kinds of fuel cell with different operation condition, usable region and technical difficulty. It is necessart to study the suitability of the fuel cells as vehicle power unit. The prospect of FCV commercialization concerned eagerly by society and government is an issue of system engineering in which hydrogen production, storage, and provision, evaluation of energy consumption from total energy analysis, possibility of market admission as to FCV cost and technical reliabity, etc. are included. These questions are tried to answer in this thesis by means of investigation on FCV market targets and developing strategy. Firstly, the status and developing trend of FCV in home and abroad are introduced. The fuel cell classification and their different features are analyzed. The suitability as vehicle energy unit and further technical research needed are discussed.After that, the ways by which hydrogen is produced are analyzed and the energy efficiency during fuel production process assessed. The fuel life cycle analysis is conducted by investigating energy consumption, pollutant emission and economy during the different periods of the fuel life cycle. It is indicated that the FCV equipped with PEMFC and fueled with hydrogen produced from natural gas reforming or from water electrolysis by electricity obtained from waterpower is the most reasonable and feasible selection. In addition, FCV performance simulation is also fulfilled in the thesis as a part of well to wheel analysis, and the vehicle performance parameters for a given specification are achieved.<WP=5>At last, the barriers that should be clear away before FCV commercialization are analyzed in detail in the thesis according to the constraints come from technique, cost, resources, market and basic infrastructure. It is attempted from analyses of these barriers to find the correct developing strategies favorable to the FCV growing up.更多还原